A display apparatus includes a plurality of pixel units and each pixel unit includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, an image display part and a protective layer. The first electrode is formed on the substrate. The second electrode is formed over the first electrode while interposing a first insulating layer therebetween to define a TSC (tunnel-shaped cavity) extending in a first direction between the first and second electrodes. The image display part is provided in the TSC to display an image according to an electric field generated by the first and second electrodes. The protective layer covers the second electrode and seals the TSC. The display apparatus having the above structure is manufactured by forming the first electrode, a sacrificial layer and the second electrode and forming the image display part by removing the sacrificial layer.