A method and a mounting device for carrying out an installation operation in an elevator shaft of an elevator system include a mounting device having a carrier component and a mechatronic installation component held on the carrier component. In a displacement phase, the carrier component is displaced relative to the elevator shaft and positioned at different heights within the elevator shaft. In a mounting phase, a mounting step is carried out at least partially automatically, wherein a mounting device is removed from a magazine component disposed on the carrier component and installed on a shaft wall of the elevator shaft. In a stocking phase, a magazine component is stocked with mounting devices outside the elevator shaft and, in a loading phase, the stocked magazine component is disposed on the carrier component.