The present disclosure discloses an electronic cooling anti-condensation system, and an anti-condensation method for the same. The system comprises a testing chamber, electronic cooling plates, temperature sensors, a temperature and humidity sensor, a cooling plate control unit, and a main controller. The main controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensors, the temperature and humidity sensor, and the cooling plate control unit. The main controller is capable of calculating a dew point value of the air in the testing chamber according to a temperature value and a humidity value of the interior the testing chamber acquired by the temperature and humidity sensor, and if the dew point value of the air is greater than a pre-determined threshold, the main controller controls the cooling plate control unit to reduce the number of operating electronic cooling plates or output powers of the electronic cooling plates, wherein the pre-determined threshold is a temperature T1° C. of the electronic cooing plate or a temperature T1+n° C. of the electronic cooling plate acquired by the temperature sensor, and n≤is less than or equal to 10. The present disclosure achieves real-time control of operation states of the electronic cooling plates, thereby realizing redundant control of the cooling plates, and preventing the cooling plates from causing condensation in the chamber body, so as to achieve continuous operation when a failure occurs.