An interferometric method and apparatus for the non-invasive assessment of oocyte maturity and competency. The method includes placing an oocyte in a sample holder to provide a biological target; generating a near infrared light; using a beam splitter to split the near infrared light into a signal light portion and a reference light portion; projecting the signal light portion onto the biological target; collecting reflected and back scattered light from the signal light portion projected onto the biological target with a detector; collecting at least a portion of the reference light portion with the detector; generating interferometric image data based upon the collected signal and reference light; and assessing the maturity of the oocyte based upon the interferometric data while maintaining the viability of the oocyte. When the oocyte is part of a cumulus-oocyte complex, the assessment is accomplished without removing cumulus cells from the cumulus-oocyte complex while maintaining viability.