An object of the present invention is to provide a urethane adhesive composition having excellent initial adhesiveness and excellent adhesion durability. The present invention is a urethane adhesive composition containing a urethane prepolymer (A) having an isocyanate group, an isocyanate compound (B) having an isocyanurate structure and an isocyanate group, and an adduct of a compound represented by Formula (X) below (in Formula (X), R11 and R12 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group) and a phenol compound.