A method for measuring a surface of an object including at least one structure using low coherence optical interferometry, the method including the steps of acquiring an interferometric signal at a plurality of measurement points in a field of view and, for at least one measurement point, attributing the interferometric signal acquired to a class of interferometric signals from a plurality of classes, each of the classes being associated with a reference interferometric signal representative of a typical structure; and analysing the interferometric signal to derive therefrom an item of information on the structure at the measurement point, as a function of its class.