A resist pattern formation method includes: forming on a substrate a resist layer containing a base resin, a sensitizer precursor, an acid generator, a base generator, and a base; generating a sensitizer from the sensitizer precursor; generating an acid from the acid generator and a base from the base generator; performing heat treatment on the resist layer after flood exposure; and developing the resist layer after the heat treatment. A ratio (C1=A1/B1) of a value (A1) representing an acid in pattern exposure to a value (B1) representing a base in the pattern exposure satisfies a relationship 0.9×C1