A friction material, a preparation method therefor, and a friction part. The friction material contains the following components by weight percentage: 24%-31% of a nitrile rubber, 0.35%-1% of a vulcanizing agent, 0.35%-0.6% of a vulcanization activator, 0.4%-0.8% of a promoter, 0.06%-0.11% of a scorch inhibitor, 1.5%-2.4% of ZnO, 24%-31% of a thermoplastic phenolic resin, 1.5%-2.2% of a plasticizer and 15%-25% of white carbon black, and optionally: 0%-25% of a filler, 0-0.8% of an anti-aging agent, and 0-2.4% of MgO.