The present disclosure relates to a preparation method of a super absorbent polymer having excellent basic absorbency and liquid permeability at the same time by optimizing the degree of cross-linking of a base resin powder and a surface cross-linked layer, and a super absorbent polymer prepared therefrom. The preparation method of a super absorbent polymer includes: forming a hydrogel polymer by cross-linking and polymerizing a monomer composition including a water-soluble ethylene-based unsaturated monomer having a degree of neutralization of less than 72 mol % and an internal cross-linking agent; drying, pulverizing and classifying the hydrogel polymer to form a base resin powder; forming a surface cross-linked layer by further cross-linking a surface of the base resin powder in the presence of a surface cross-linking agent; and further neutralizing the base resin powder by treating the base resin powder with a basic solution during or after forming a surface cross-linked layer.