A spectroscopic imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present technology includes a spectroscopic section, an image sensor, and a control unit. The spectroscopic section disperses incident light for each wavelength. The image sensor is configured to be capable of setting an exposure time or a gain in a unit of a pixel, and detects light of each wavelength dispersed in the spectroscopic section. The control unit is configured to be capable of setting the exposure time or the gain of the image sensor in a unit of a predetermined pixel area.