Systems and methods for implementing temporal filtering are provided. A method includes: applying a temporal filter to a current picture and encoding the current picture after the temporal filter is applied. The applying includes obtaining an exponential function; obtaining a weight of at least one neighboring picture by multiplying a scaling function with the exponential function; obtaining a filtered sample value of the current picture based on a sample value of the current picture and the weight of the at least one neighboring picture; and replacing the sample value of the current picture with the filtered sample value.