For a location displaced by four samples in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction from a current location, the encoder performs a first determination of determining only whether the location displaced by four samples is a TU boundary, where the current location is a sample location of a current sub-block boundary on which the determination process is to be performed. In the first determination, when it is determined that the location displaced by four samples is a TU boundary, the encoder sets a maximum filter length to a first value, and in the case otherwise, the encoder performs a second determination of determining whether a location displaced by eight samples in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction from the current location is a TU boundary.