An optical measuring apparatus may include a light source, linear polarizer, polarized beam splitter, quarter wave plate, objective lens, and/or light receiver. The polarized beam splitter may be configured to transmit linearly polarized light from the linear polarizer to any one of a first and second optical path. The quarter wave plate may be configured to circularly polarize light transmitted through the first optical path from the polarized beam splitter and transmit the circularly polarized light to an object to be measured, and the quarter wave plate may be configured to linearly polarize the circularly polarized light reflected from the object to be measured and transmit the linearly polarized reflected light to the second optical path of the polarized beam splitter. The objective lens may be configured to generate light having different wavelengths by generating chromatic aberration in the circularly polarized light from the quarter wave plate.