A method for producing an aromatic polymer comprising polycondensing an aromatic compound of the following formula (I) in the presence of a palladium complex containing a phosphine compound of the following formula (II): (wherein, Ar represents an aromatic ring-containing bi-functional organic group. X represents a halogen atom, nitro group or group of the formula —SO3Q (wherein, Q represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group). Y represents an oxygen atom, sulfur atom or the like, and n represents 0 or 1. M represents a hydrogen atom, —B(OQ1)2 or the like (Q1 represents a hydrogen atom or hydrocarbon group.) P(R1)3  (II) (wherein, R1 represents a group of the following formula (III) or a group of the following formula (IV) and three R1s may be the same or different, providing at least one of three R1s is a group of the following formula (III)) —C(R2)3  (III) (wherein, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group) (wherein, R3 to R7 represent each independently a hydrogen atom, optionally substituted hydrocarbon group or the like).