To provide a fluorinated ether compound, a fluorinated ether composition and a coating liquid, capable of forming a surface layer which has high initial water/oil repellency and which is excellent in abrasion resistance, fingerprint stain removability, lubricity and uniformity, as well as a substrate having such a surface layer, and a method for its production. A substrate having a surface layer formed of a fluorinated ether compound represented by D1-Rf1—O—CH2—(CmF2mO)n-A (D1 is CF3— or CF3—O—; Rf1 is a C1-20 fluoroalkylene group containing at least one hydrogen atom, etc.; m is 1 to 6; n is 1 to 200; A is —CaF2a—B—CbH2b—SiLcR3-c; B is —CgH2gO—, —ChH2hO—C(═O)NH—, etc.; L is a hydrolysable group; R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group, etc.; a is 1 to 5; b is 1 to 10; c is 1 to 3; g is 1 to 5; and h is 1 to 5) or a fluorinated ether composition containing the compound; and a method for its production.