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    ACTIVE SURFACES, INCLUDING MICROFLUIDICS, DISPLAYS, SENSORS, LIGHT INTERACTION AND CONTROL
    1.
    发明申请
    ACTIVE SURFACES, INCLUDING MICROFLUIDICS, DISPLAYS, SENSORS, LIGHT INTERACTION AND CONTROL 审中-公开
    主动表面，包括微流体，显示器，传感器，轻微的相互作用和控制

    公开(公告)号：WO2008070048A3

    公开(公告)日：2008-08-14

    申请号：PCT/US2007024788

    申请日：2007-12-04

    Applicant: HARVARD COLLEGE ,  EDWARDS DAVID ANDREW ,  STONE HOWARD A ,  KAMLER JONATHAN JACQUES ,  MCGRATH ROBERT RENAULD ,  DI CAPUA SANDRA LIA ,  KNOPF ELIZABETH HELEN

    Inventor： EDWARDS DAVID ANDREW ,  STONE HOWARD A ,  KAMLER JONATHAN JACQUES ,  MCGRATH ROBERT RENAULD ,  DI CAPUA SANDRA LIA ,  KNOPF ELIZABETH HELEN

    IPC: G09F13/24 ,  G09F9/30

    CPC classification number: G09F13/24 ,  G09F9/30

    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to surfaces having microf luidics, displays, windows, sensors, light interaction, control, etc. One aspect of the invention is directed to a display (10) containing microf luidics (14). Another aspect of the invention is directed to systems and methods for controlling the absorbance and/or transparency of a substrate. The invention, in still another aspect, is directed to the emission of light. In yet another aspect, the invention is directed to a substrate having a controllable substantially transparent region. The invention, in still another aspect, includes the production of text and/or an image on a surface. Other aspects of the invention include surfaces able to produce energy, surfaces able to sense external stimuli, self -cleaning surfaces, and/or surfaces able to control the environment surrounding the surface. Another aspect of the invention includes embodiments having surfaces able to transfer and/or transform energy. Yet other aspects of the invention include arrays of such surfaces, kits involving such surfaces, methods for making and/or using such surfaces, methods of promoting such surfaces, or the like.

    Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及具有微流体学，显示器，窗口，传感器，光相互作用，控制等的表面。本发明的一个方面涉及一种包含微流体（14）的显示器（10）。 本发明的另一方面涉及用于控制基材的吸光度和/或透明度的系统和方法。 在另一方面，本发明涉及光的发射。 在另一方面，本发明涉及具有可控制的基本透明区域的基底。 在另一方面，本发明包括在表面上产生文本和/或图像。 本发明的其它方面包括能够产生能量的表面，能够感测外部刺激的表面，自清洁表面和/或能够控制表面周围环境的表面。 本发明的另一方面包括具有能够传递和/或转换能量的表面的实施例。 本发明的其它方面包括这种表面的阵列，涉及这种表面的试剂盒，制造和/或使用这些表面的方法，促进这种表面的方法等。

    REACTIONS WITHIN MICROFLUIDIC CHANNELS
    4.
    发明申请
    REACTIONS WITHIN MICROFLUIDIC CHANNELS 审中-公开
    微流控通道内的反应

    公开(公告)号：WO2009048533A2

    公开(公告)日：2009-04-16

    申请号：PCT/US2008/011457

    申请日：2008-10-03

    Applicant: PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE ,  STONE, Howard, A. ,  RISTENPART, William, D. ,  WAN, Jiandi

    Inventor： STONE, Howard, A. ,  RISTENPART, William, D. ,  WAN, Jiandi

    IPC: B01J19/00 ,  B01L3/00

    CPC classification number: B01J19/0093 ,  B01J2219/00783 ,  B01J2219/00824 ,  B01J2219/00828 ,  B01J2219/00831 ,  B01J2219/00833 ,  B01J2219/00837 ,  B01J2219/0086 ,  B01J2219/00889 ,  B01J2219/00891 ,  B01J2219/00957 ,  B01J2219/0097 ,  B01J2219/00986 ,  B01L3/502776 ,  B01L2300/0867 ,  B01L2400/0487 ,  G01N1/38 ,  G01N2001/4072

    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to microfluidics and, in particular, to microfluidic systems useful for determining reactions. In one aspect, two or more fluids are introduced into a microfluidic channel, and are allowed to come into contact. At or near the interface between the fluids, reactants contained within the fluids may react. By determining the reaction rate between the reactants with respect to position within the microfluidic channel, information about the reaction between the reactants can be obtained. The reaction rate may be determined, for instance, by measuring the rate of reaction at two or more points within the channel. In some cases, e.g., if the reaction rate can be determined optically or visually, the channel may be imaged and the image analyzed to determine the reaction rate. As a non-limiting example of a reaction, the reactants may be an enzyme and a substrate, and by determining reaction rates within the channel, Michaelis-Menten kinetics (or other reaction kinetics) of the enzymatic reaction may be determined. It should be understood, however, that other reactions besides Michaelis-Menten kinetics and/or enzymatic reactions may also be determined, including other catalytic or chemical reactions, and the like. The reaction profiles may be linear or non-linear, e.g., second order, third order, etc.

    Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及微流体，并且特别涉及用于确定反应的微流体系统。 在一个方面，两种或更多种流体被引入微流体通道中，并且被允许接触。 在流体之间的界面处或附近，包含在流体内的反应物可以反应。 通过确定反应物之间关于微流体通道内位置的反应速率，可以获得关于反应物之间反应的信息。 反应速率可以通过例如测量通道内两个或更多点的反应速率来确定。 在一些情况下，例如如果可以光学或视觉确定反应速率，则可以对通道进行成像并分析图像以确定反应速率。 作为反应的非限制性实例，反应物可以是酶和底物，并且通过确定通道内的反应速率，可以确定酶促反应的米氏（Michaelis-Menten）动力学（或其他反应动力学）。 然而，应该理解的是，除Michaelis-Menten动力学和/或酶促反应之外，还可以确定其他反应，包括其他催化或化学反应等。 反应曲线可以是线性的或非线性的，例如二阶，三阶等。

    MICROCONCENTRATOR/MICROFILTER
    6.
    发明申请
    MICROCONCENTRATOR/MICROFILTER 审中-公开
    微量浓缩/ MICROFILTER

    公开(公告)号：WO2006079007A3

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-16

    申请号：PCT/US2006002229

    申请日：2006-01-20

    Applicant: HARVARD COLLEGE ,  BALA SUBRAMANIAM ANAND ,  ABKARIAN MANOUK ,  FABRE ADRIEN ,  DURAND MARC ,  STONE HOWARD A

    Inventor： BALA SUBRAMANIAM ANAND ,  ABKARIAN MANOUK ,  FABRE ADRIEN ,  DURAND MARC ,  STONE HOWARD A

    IPC: B01D35/00 ,  B01D15/34 ,  B01D57/00 ,  B01D61/00 ,  B01D63/00

    CPC classification number: B01D63/081 ,  B01D61/18 ,  B01D63/088 ,  B01D67/0034 ,  B01D71/70 ,  B01D2323/24 ,  B01D2325/028 ,  B01L3/5027

    Abstract: The present invention includes a microfluidic filter and concentrator that can separate a filtrate from a fluid containing components, e.g. a suspension of particles, to be removed from the fluid at least to some extent. The filter may employ principals of tangential flow filtration, also known as cross-flow filtration. In one aspect, a microfluidic filter described herein includes at least a first, main channel and one or more secondary, filtering channels that connect to the main channel. Filtration occurs when a fluid portion of a sample that is flowed through the main channel enters one or more of the filtering channels and at least some of the components in the sample do not enter or do not flow through the secondary, filtering channels. The secondary channels may be dimensioned to inhibit flow of components through them, and/or a porous material such as a layer may be positioned to inhibit flow of components through the secondary channels.

    Abstract translation: 本发明包括微流体过滤器和浓缩器，其可以将滤液与含有组分的流体分离，例如， 至少在一定程度上从流体中除去颗粒的悬浮液。 过滤器可以采用切向流过滤的原理，也称为交叉流过滤。 在一个方面，本文描述的微流控滤波器至少包括连接到主通道的第一主通道和一个或多个次级滤波通道。 当流过主通道的样品的流体部分进入一个或多个过滤通道并且样品中的至少一些组分不进入或不流过次级过滤通道时，发生过滤。 次级通道的尺寸可以限制通过它们的部件的流动，和/或诸如层的多孔材料可以被定位成阻止部件通过次级通道的流动。

    SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FORMING FLUIDIC DROPLETS ENCAPSULATED IN PARTICLES SUCH AS COLLOIDAL PARTICLES
    7.
    发明申请
    SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR FORMING FLUIDIC DROPLETS ENCAPSULATED IN PARTICLES SUCH AS COLLOIDAL PARTICLES 审中-公开
    用于形成以颗粒形式包埋的流体液体的系统和方法，例如胶体颗粒

    公开(公告)号：WO2006078841A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-07-27

    申请号：PCT/US2006/001938

    申请日：2006-01-20

    Applicant: PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE ,  BALA SUBRAMANIAM, Anand ,  ABKARIAN, Manouk ,  STONE, Howard, A.

    Inventor： BALA SUBRAMANIAM, Anand ,  ABKARIAN, Manouk ,  STONE, Howard, A.

    IPC: B01F13/00 ,  B01J13/00

    CPC classification number: B01F13/0062 ,  B01F3/0807 ,  Y10T428/2984

    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for forming fluidic droplets comprising particles such as colloidal particles, which may be distributed on the surfaces of the fluidic droplets in some cases, thereby encapsulating the fluidic droplets. The particles at least partially surrounding the fluidic droplet may be colloidal particles in some cases, i.e., forming a "colloidal capsule." In one set of embodiments, the particles may be positioned on the surface of a fluidic droplet such that the fluidic droplet is able to maintain a shape that, when left undisturbed, is not achievable by an undisturbed fluidic droplet free of discrete particles, for example, elongated or prolate ellipsoid fluidic droplets. Such fluidic droplets may also exhibit unusual properties, for example, plasticity, isolation from electromagnetic fields, certain electrical and/or magnetic properties, and/or mechanical resistance. In certain embodiments, multiple fluidic droplets may be prevented from fusing or coalescing into one droplet when coming into physical contact, due to the presence of particles on the fluidic droplets. However, the fluidic droplets may be induced into fusing or coalescing by initially deforming one or more of the fluidic droplets, e.g., mechanically.

    Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及用于形成流体液滴的系统和方法，其包括诸如胶体颗粒的颗粒，其在一些情况下可以分布在流体液滴的表面上，从而封装流体液滴。 至少部分围绕流体液滴的颗粒在某些情况下可能是胶体颗粒，即形成“胶体胶囊”。 在一组实施例中，颗粒可以定位在流体液滴的表面上，使得流体液滴能够保持一种形状，当不受干扰时，不能通过不受干扰的不含离散颗粒的流体液滴来实现，例如 ，细长或长椭圆形流体液滴。 这种流体液滴也可能表现出不寻常的特性，例如可塑性，与电磁场的隔离，某些电和/或磁特性和/或机械阻力。 在某些实施例中，由于流体液滴上存在颗粒，可以防止多个流体液滴在进入物理接触时熔融或聚结成一个液滴。 然而，流体液滴可以通过首先使一个或多个流体液滴变形（例如机械地）而被引入融合或聚结。

    SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BUBBLE AND/OR FOAM INHIBITION
    8.
    发明申请
    SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BUBBLE AND/OR FOAM INHIBITION 审中-公开
    用于泡沫和/或泡沫抑制的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：WO2010014233A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-02-04

    申请号：PCT/US2009/004397

    申请日：2009-07-30

    Applicant: PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE ,  BICK, Alexander, G. ,  RISTENPART, William, D. ,  VAN NIEROP, Ernst, A. ,  STONE, Howard, A.

    Inventor： BICK, Alexander, G. ,  RISTENPART, William, D. ,  VAN NIEROP, Ernst, A. ,  STONE, Howard, A.

    IPC: B01F3/08 ,  B01F15/02 ,  B01L3/02

    CPC classification number: B01F3/0865 ,  B01F15/0203 ,  B01F15/0254

    Abstract: The present invention generally relates to systems and methods for bubble and/or foam inhibition. In one aspect, a first fluid can be poured into a second fluid, as a series of droplets, without creating bubbles or foam. For instance, no more than five bubbles may be formed per 100 droplets of first fluid that enter the second fluid. In one set of embodiments, droplets of a first fluid are directed at a second fluid such that the droplets contact the second fluid outside a critical radius of bubble formation and/or outside a critical time of bubble formation. Thus, under such conditions, bubble or foam production may be reduced or even eliminated. In some case, fairly high rates of fluid transfer can be achieved by contacting the droplets of first fluid at the second fluid under such conditions, for instance, by directing multiple droplets of the first fluid at the second fluid at different locations, e.g., outside of the critical radius of bubble formation. For instance, a nozzle able to produce droplets may be rotated such that the droplets contact different locations of a fluid. In some cases, the present invention is also directed to methods of control of bubble formation. For example, by controlling the droplets of first fluid entering the second fluid, a certain number of bubbles may be produced.

    Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及泡沫和/或泡沫抑制的系统和方法。 在一个方面，第一流体可以作为一系列液滴倒入第二流体中，而不产生气泡或泡沫。 例如，每100个第一流体进入第二流体的液滴可以形成不超过五个气泡。 在一组实施例中，第一流体的液滴被引导到第二流体，使得液滴在气泡形成的临界半径外部和/或在气泡形成的关键时间之外接触第二流体。 因此，在这种条件下，气泡或泡沫的产生可能减少甚至消除。 在某些情况下，可以通过在这种条件下接触第二流体上的第一流体的液滴来实现相当高的流体转移速率，例如通过在不同位置（例如外部）引导第二流体处的第一流体的多个液滴 的气泡形成的临界半径。 例如，可以旋转能够产生液滴的喷嘴，使得液滴接触流体的不同位置。 在一些情况下，本发明还涉及控制气泡形成的方法。 例如，通过控制进入第二流体的第一流体的液滴，可以产生一定数量的气泡。

    SURGICAL SYSTEM FOR JOINTS
    9.
    发明申请
    SURGICAL SYSTEM FOR JOINTS 审中-公开
    接头外科系统

    公开(公告)号：WO2007008348A2

    公开(公告)日：2007-01-18

    申请号：PCT/US2006023909

    申请日：2006-06-20

    Applicant: STONE HOWARD A ,  BACKES LARRY P

    Inventor： STONE HOWARD A ,  BACKES LARRY P

    IPC: A61B17/58

    CPC classification number: A61B17/683 ,  A61B17/1775 ,  A61B17/562 ,  A61B2017/565

    Abstract: A surgical kit including a surgical guide system for drilling bones at a joint, a surgical implant for attachment to the bones at the joint, and a surgical implant for attachment to the bones at the joint.

    Abstract translation: 一种手术套件，包括用于在关节处钻骨的外科手术引导系统，用于附接到关节处的骨骼的外科植入物，以及用于附接到关节处的骨骼的外科植入物。

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