公开(公告)号：EP0102816A3

公开(公告)日：1985-08-28

申请号：EP83304939

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B05/02 ,  A61B05/00 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  G01N21/3151

Abstract: @ A pulse oximeter is disclosed of the type wherein light of two different wavelengths is passed through human or animal body tissue, such as a finger, an ear, the nasal septum or the scalp, so as to be modulated by the pulsatile component of arterial blood therein, and thereby allowing indication of oxygen saturation. The level of incident light is continually adjusted for optimal detection of the pulsatile component, while permitting accommodation to variable attenuations due to skin color, flesh thickness and other invariants. At significant slope reversal of the pulsatile component to negative (indicating a wave maximum), wave form analysis of blood flow occurs. A quotient of the pulsatile component of light transmission over the constant component of light transmission is measured for each of two wave lengths by direct digital tracking. The respective quotients are thereafter converted to a ratio, which ratio may be thereafter fitted to a curve of independently derived of oxygen saturation. Calibration is disclosed by solving four unknowns at at least four differing saturations. An output of pulse rate, pulse flow and oxygen saturation is given. An incident light source duty cycle is chosen to be at least 1 in 4 so that noise, inevitably present in the signal, may be substantially eliminated and filtered. Provision is made for a local battery-driven low power consumption instrument capable of being substantially independent of ambient light noise.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种脉冲血氧计，其中两种不同波长的光通过诸如手指，耳朵，鼻中隔或头皮的人或动物体组织，以便被动脉血的脉动成分调制 从而允许氧饱和度的指示。 连续调整入射光的水平，以最佳地检测脉动分量，同时允许由于皮肤颜色，肉体厚度和其他不变量而调节可变衰减。 在显着斜率将脉动分量反转为负（表示波最大值）时，发生血流波形分析。 通过直接数字跟踪测量光传输的恒定分量上的光透射的脉动分量的商为两个波长中的每一个。 然后将各商商转换成一个比例，该比率之后可以适应于独立地衍生氧饱和度的曲线。 通过在至少四个不同饱和度下解决四个未知数来公开校准。 给出了脉搏率，脉冲流量和氧饱和度的输出。 选择入射光源占空比至少为1/4，使得不可避免地存在于信号中的噪声基本上可以被消除和滤波。 规定了本地电池驱动的低功耗仪器，其能够基本上独立于环境光噪声。

公开(公告)号：EP0104771A3

公开(公告)日：1985-08-28

申请号：EP83304938

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B05/02 ,  A61B05/00 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: A61B5/14551

Abstract: A pulse oximeter wherein light of two different wavelengths is passed through body tissue, such as a finger, an ear or the scalp, so as to be modulated by the pulsatile component of arterial blood therein and thereby indicate oxygen saturation. A tonal signal is emitted having a pitch proportional to the ratio of oxygen saturation and a sequential repetition proportional to pulse. A visual cue consisting of an array of strobed light emitting diodes is flashed having a total light output proportional to the magnitude of the pulse and a sequential flashing rate proportional to pulse rate. A systematic rejection of extraneous or irregular detected data prevents undue sounding of alarms.

公开(公告)号：EP0135840A2

公开(公告)日：1985-04-03

申请号：EP84110306.2

申请日：1984-08-29

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Corenman, James E. ,  New, William, Jr. ,  Goodman, David E. ,  Yelderman, Mark

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/04 ,  G01N21/27

CPC classification number: A61B5/1464 ,  A61B5/04485 ,  A61B5/14542 ,  A61B5/4362 ,  A61B5/6834

Abstract: An intravaginal and intrauterine sensor for transillumination of a blood-perfused portion of fetal tissue to measure light extinction. The sensor comprises at least one light source (21, 23) and at least one photo-sensor (20, 22) with a shielding (30). The sensor may be mounted onto a paddle-shaped probe provided with signal connections (25, 26) contained in an insulated cable (27) leading to a measurement device. Alternatively, the sensor may include an opaque suction cup or other attaching apparatus for disposition on a protruding portion of the fetus. Most preferably, the sensor includes a housing.

Abstract translation: 用于透射胎儿组织血液灌注部分以测量光灭绝的阴道内和子宫内传感器。 传感器包括至少一个光源（21,23）和至少一个具有屏蔽（30）的光传感器（20,22）。 传感器可以安装在具有包含在通向测量装置的绝缘电缆（27）中的信号连接（25,26）的桨状探针上。 或者，传感器可以包括不透明的吸盘或用于配置在胎儿的突出部分上的其它附接装置。 最优选地，传感器包括壳体。

公开(公告)号：EP0127947B1

公开(公告)日：1990-08-29

申请号：EP84302994.3

申请日：1984-05-03

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Corenman, James E. ,  New, William, Jr. ,  Yelderman, Mark ,  Goodman, David E.

IPC: A61B5/02

CPC classification number: A61B5/6819 ,  A61B5/02427 ,  A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/6826 ,  A61B5/6838

公开(公告)号：EP0104772B1

公开(公告)日：1990-03-21

申请号：EP83304940.6

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/02

CPC classification number: A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/1495 ,  A61B2562/08 ,  G01N21/3151 ,  G01N35/00732

公开(公告)号：EP0135840A3

公开(公告)日：1986-06-11

申请号：EP84110306

申请日：1984-08-29

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Corenman, James E. ,  New, William, Jr. ,  Goodman, David E. ,  Yelderman, Mark

IPC: A61B05/00 ,  A61B05/04 ,  G01N21/27

CPC classification number: A61B5/1464 ,  A61B5/04485 ,  A61B5/14542 ,  A61B5/4362 ,  A61B5/6834

Abstract: An intravaginal and intrauterine sensor for transillumination of a blood-perfused portion of fetal tissue to measure light extinction. The sensor comprises at least one light source (21, 23) and at least one photo-sensor (20, 22) with a shielding (30). The sensor may be mounted onto a paddle-shaped probe provided with signal connections (25, 26) contained in an insulated cable (27) leading to a measurement device. Alternatively, the sensor may include an opaque suction cup or other attaching apparatus for disposition on a protruding portion of the fetus. Most preferably, the sensor includes a housing.

Abstract translation: 用于透照胎儿组织的血液灌注部分以测量消光的阴道内和子宫内传感器。 传感器包括至少一个光源（21,23）和至少一个具有屏蔽（30）的光传感器（20,22）。 该传感器可以安装在桨叶形探针上，该探针设有包含在通向测量装置的绝缘电缆（27）中的信号连接（25,26）。 或者，传感器可以包括不透明的吸盘或其他附着装置，用于布置在胎儿的突出部分上。 最优选地，传感器包括壳体。

公开(公告)号：EP0127947A2

公开(公告)日：1984-12-12

申请号：EP84302994.3

申请日：1984-05-03

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： Corenman, James E. ,  New, William, Jr. ,  Yelderman, Mark ,  Goodman, David E.

IPC: A61B5/02

CPC classification number: A61B5/6819 ,  A61B5/02427 ,  A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/6826 ,  A61B5/6838

Abstract: A sensor for trans-illumination of a blood perfused portion of flesh to measure light extinction during trans- illumination is disclosed. The sensor is preferably mounted on a fingertip but any digit or blood perfused portion of flesh will work. The sensor includes a first end for disposition on one side of the trans-illuminated flesh and a second end for disposition on the opposite and opposed side of the trans- illuminated flesh.
A light source is mounted to the first side and a photo- sensor is mounted to the second side. If an elongated flexible strip is used, it is provided with adhesive and is suitably windowed that light is allowed to take an optical path through the finger. If no flexible strip is used, the two ends are aligned and secured to the flesh such that the light emitted takes an optical path through the finger.
When the adhesive fastener is used, the effect of the light source and photo-detector substrates being integrated into the adhesive fastener is that they become, in effect, a part of the skin. The resulting device is resistant to accidental removal and avoids constriction of blood vessels. Most importantly, the low mass of the sensor itself and its conformance to, so as to effectively become a part of, the skin, prevents relative motion between the light source and sensor and the perfused flesh. This eliminates the common interference associated with the operation of conventional plethysmographs and oximeters.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于反射照射血液灌注部分肉的传感器，以测量透照期间的光消光。 传感器优选地安装在指尖上，但任何数字或血液灌注部分的肉将起作用。 传感器包括用于配置在反照照肉的一侧上的第一端和用于配置在透照肉体的相对和相对侧上的第二端。 光源安装到第一侧，并且光传感器安装到第二侧。 如果使用细长的柔性带，则其具有粘合剂，并且适当地被窗口化，使得允许光穿过手指的光路。 如果没有使用柔性条，两端对准并固定在肉体上，使得所发出的光线穿过手指的光路。 当使用粘合紧固件时，将光源和光电检测器基板整合到粘合紧固件中的效果是它们实际上成为皮肤的一部分。 所产生的装置能够防止意外移除并避免血管收缩。 最重要的是，传感器本身的低质量及其与皮肤有效成为一部分的一致性可防止光源和传感器与灌注液体之间的相对运动。 这消除了与常规体积描记器和血氧计的操作相关的常见干扰。

公开(公告)号：EP0329196B1

公开(公告)日：1993-04-07

申请号：EP89105503.0

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/1495 ,  A61B2562/08 ,  G01N21/3151 ,  G01N35/00732

公开(公告)号：EP0329196A2

公开(公告)日：1989-08-23

申请号：EP89105503.0

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/1495 ,  A61B2562/08 ,  G01N21/3151 ,  G01N35/00732

Abstract: The oximeter for cooperation with an oximeter probe comprises decoding means responsive to encoded signals for selecting appropriate calibration coefficients for use in calculating oxygen saturation based upon the known wavelength of first and/or second light emitting means (10, 132 and 20, 130, resp.) in the probe.
A probe comprises a pair of light emitting means preferably diodes (10, 20, 130, 132) which emit light of narrow wavebands having known characteristic wavelengths through part of a patient onto a photosensor (30, 38). A coding means comprising resistor (40) of coded known resistance or else an eight bit connector (52′) is used to enable the oximeter to calculate the coefficient of extinction of the wavelengths of the LEDs. The resistor, LEDs and photosensor are mounted on self-attaching hook and eye tape (50) for mounting the probe onto the appendage of the patient. The probe is detachably wired to the oximeter, rendering the probe completely disposable. The oximeter is programmed at the factory to calculate the co-efficients of extinction of any LEDS which may be encountered in a series of disposable probes. From the co-efficients of extinction, the pulse rate and degree of arterial oxygen saturation is computed and displayed by the oximeter.

Abstract translation: 用于与血氧计探头协作的血氧计包括解码装置，其响应于编码信号，用于基于第一和/或第二发光装置（10,132和20,130）的已知波长来选择用于计算氧饱和度的适当校准系数 。）在探针中。 探针包括一对发光装置，优选地，二极管（10,20,130,132）将通过患者的一部分的已知特征波长的窄波段的光发射到光传感器（30,38）上。 包括编码已知电阻的电阻器（40）或八位连接器（52分钟）的编码装置用于使血氧计能够计算LED的波长的消光系数。 电阻器，LED和光电传感器安装在自附钩和眼带（50）上，用于将探头安装到患者的附件上。 探头可拆卸地连接到血氧计，使探头完全一次性。 血氧计在工厂进行编程，以计算在一系列一次性探头中可能遇到的任何LEDS的消光系数。 从消光系数来看，脉搏率和动脉血氧饱和度由血氧计计算并显示。

公开(公告)号：EP0104772A3

公开(公告)日：1985-10-23

申请号：EP83304940

申请日：1983-08-25

Applicant: NELLCOR INCORPORATED

Inventor： New, William, Jr. ,  Corenman, James E.

IPC: A61B05/00 ,  A61B05/02

CPC classification number: A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/1495 ,  A61B2562/08 ,  G01N21/3151 ,  G01N35/00732

Abstract: A probe apparatus for use with an optical oximeter and oximeter in which a pair of light emitting means preferably diodes (10, 20, 130, 132) emit light of narrow wavebands having known characteristic wavelengths through part of a patient onto a photosensor (30, 38). A coding means comprising resistor (40) of coded known resistance or else an eight bit connector (52') is used to enable the oximeter to calculate the co-efficient of extinction of the wavelengths of the LEDs. The resistor, LEDs and photosensor are mounted on self-attaching hook and eye tape (50) for mounting the probe onto the appendage of the patient. The probe is detachably wired to the oximeter, rendering the probe completely disposable. The oximeter is programmed at the factory to calculate the co-efficients of extinction of any LEDs which may be encountered in a series of disposable probes. From the co-efficients of extinction, the pulse rate and degree of arterial oxygen saturation is computed and displayed by the oximeter.