Abstract:
A furnace has a solid fuel hopper 35 above a combustion chamber 10, an ash outlet 11 below said combustion chamber, a combustion gas outlet 11 at or below the level of the combustion chamber, and an auger 22 in an ash chamber 20 below the ash opening 11 to regulate the size of an ash pile 21 below the combustion chamber 10 and hence control the escape of ash or fuel or non-combustibles through the ash opening 11. This enables the combustion gas outlet 11 to be covered by hot coals 53 within the combustion chamber 10 so that any combustion gas from the combustion chamber or any pre-combustion zone must pass through a filter of hot coals 53 before reaching the combustion gas outlet 11.
Abstract:
Appareil a combustion comportant, outre une chambre de combustion primaire (1) des chambres de detente (6, 16, 26) des imbrules de la combustion primaire. Au dela de la premiere (6), chaque chambre de detente est raccordee directement au foyer primaire (1) par une conduite (110) independante du conduit principal (5), (7) issu de la chambre precedente (6, 16) et d'une conduite d'entree d'air primaire (101, 102, 103).
Abstract:
A mobile incinerator (10) for burning explosive material has armored walls capable of withstanding internal explosions, a primary combustion chamber (12) for initial incineration of the explosive material, a secondary combustion chamber (14) for burning exhaust from the primary combustion chamber (12) and thus reducing safety hazards and pollution, and a trailer (28) for providing mobility. The armored walls may include steel plates (16) reinforced by steel channel beams (18). The incinerator (10) also includes: vents (76) for allowing air and exhaust, assisted by a draft induction fan (78), to pass into, between, and out of the combustion chambers (12, 14); pressure release hatches (20); a loading cart (22) mounted on telescoping rails (24, 26) for delivering material to the primary combustion chamber (12) for incineration; refractory material (not shown) lining the primary combustion chamber (12); an exterior shell made of aluminum sheeting (38); and, a control panel (34) powered by a generator (36). The trailer (28) is preferably equipped with hydraulic brakes (not shown), a surge brake actuator with a cylindrical piston (50), and a leveler (52).
Abstract:
A scrubber (9) for use in an incineration system to remove particulate materials and provide complete combustion of the combustion gas. The scrubber (9) defines a scrubber chamber (8) having an inlet through which hot combustion gas is introduced and having an outlet for discharge of the gas. Suspended within the scrubber chamber (8) are a plurality of elongated plates (18) composed of a temperature resistant metal, such as Inconel. The plates (18) are arranged in a pattern to provide a tortuous path of flow for the combustion gas through the chamber (8), and prevent direct flow from the inlet to the outlet. In a preferred form of the invention, the plates (18) are arranged in rows with the spacing between plates (18) in one row being aligned with plates in an adjacent row. As the combustion gas flows through the chamber (8), the particulate material will migrate to and collect on the front and rear plate surfaces. During periods of intermittent use, the plates will expand and contract causing the particulate material to fall therefrom for collection in a collection bin (25). The arrangement of the plates also promotes mixing of air with the combustion gas to promote complete combustion of combustibles.
Abstract:
A low-pollutant system (10) for waste materials treatment includes a process chamber (11) for converting organic components of the waste materials into a flammable gas and a two-stage vortex burning chamber (12) for complete combustion of the flammable gas. The vortex burning chamber (12) includes a first substantially-horizontal combustion chamber (35) and a second substantially-vertical combustion chamber (36) disposed at a right angle to each other and communicating therebetween. The first combustion chamber (35) has an inlet portion (39) for receiving the flammable combustion gas from the gas generator means (11) and an injection pipe (41) for injecting primary air into the first combustion chamber (35), thereby forming a mixture of air and the flammable gas and igniting the mixture for partial oxidation thereof. The first combustion chamber (35) has a converging distal portion (43) for discharging the partially-oxidized mixture tangentially into the second combustion chamber (36), where the gas is mixed with the secondary air which is injected tangentially into the second combustion chamber (36).
Abstract:
Method in burning solid fuels of different types in a furnace (10). The fuels is supplied to the upper end of an inclined grate (11) and is burnt thereon while primary air, possibly mixed with flue gas, is blown from below through the grate and the fuel bed (36) thereon to provide a zone of suspended fine fuel particles above the fuel bed. Unburnt material entrained into the escaping flue gas is separated from the flue gas and returned to the furnace for final combustion. Air and/or flue gas is blown into the upper portion of the grate transversely of the grate at a high pressure to provide an air or flue gas curtain at the location (12) of supplying the fuel while blowing-up existing fine fractions of the fuel from the fuel bed. At the same time the returned material together with air and/or flue gas is blown into the fuel bed in the lower portion of the grate for blowing-up remaining fine fractions of the fuel bed while blasting and stirring the fuel bed and simultaneously lowering the temperature of the hottest combustion zone located on the lower portion of the grate.
Abstract:
A method for reducing the rate of side wall corrosion in a coal-fired utility boiler (10). A plurality of side wall slots (18) are provided in the side walls (14) of the boiler (10) so that a protective layer of air (22) may be introduced through the slots (18) and propelled upward by the updraft from the burners (16).
Abstract:
Harmful constituents are removed (46) from solid hazardous waste material by heating (91) the waste in the presence of a continuous flow of oxygen (50) until the waste material becomes an agitated molten aggregate and generates effluvia. The effluvia is conducted through a high temperature zone to destroy organic and other harmful constituents. The effluvia is further processed to achieve acceptable environmental quality. The effluvia processing includes a dual reburn (64)/heat exchanger compartment (14). The generated molten aggregate which is environmentally safe. An apparatus (10) for accomplishing the process is also provided.
Abstract:
Process and plant for operating a stoker-heater wherein a heating chamber (15) is located axially after a stoker-chamber (5). The connection area between both chambers has the shape of a nozzle choke (19). In the choke, there is provided a ring device (21 to 23) intended to the tangent supply of tertiary air.
Abstract:
A material processing apparatus (10) includes a casing (26) having a pyrolysis chamber (14) for receiving and pyrolyzing feed materials therein into fluid materials and a mass (40) of refractory material contained in the casing (26) upon the bottom (22B) thereof and spaced from the top (22A) thereof. The refractory mass (40) extends between the opposite ends (22C, 22D) and sides (22E, 22F) of the casing (26) and includes an upper surface (50) defining a bottom of the pyrolysis chamber (14). The upper surface (50) is defined in an inclined orientation extending between the opposite ends (22C, 22D) of the chamber (14). The refractory mass (40) has an elongated cavity (52) extending along one end (22C) of the casing (26) and adjacent to a lower end (50B) of the upper inclined surface (50). An elongated residue collection pan (56) is disposed in the cavity (52) and is removable through an opening (60) in a side (22E, 22F) of the casing (26). Elongated heating units (58) are disposed in the pyrolysis chamber (14) above and generally parallel to the cavity (52) and upper inclined surface (50) for producing heating therein to cause pyrolyzing of the feed materials into fluid materials.