Abstract:
APPARATUS FOR DISTANT MEASURING OF THE DISPLACEMENT ABOUT A FIXED REFERENCE POSITION OF A SOLID OBJECT CARRYING AT LEAST ONE OPTICAL SIGHTING MARK, COMPRISING OPTO-ELECTRONIC DEVICES EACH INCLUDING A PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE AND EACH HAVING A MAIN SIGHTING AXIS, A CONDUCTIVE TARGET IN EACH ONE OF SAID DEVICES ON WHICH AN ELECTRONIC IMAGE OF SAID OBJECT IS FORMED, MEANS FOR CAUSING AN ELECTRON BEAM TO PERIODICALLY SCAN SAID TARGET, A SMALL APERTURE IN SAID TARGET LETTING THROUGH A THIN ELECTRON BEAM, MEANS FOR AMPLIFYING THE CURRENT OF SAID BEAM, MEANS FOR DERIVING FROM SAID AMPLIFIED CURRENT AN ELECTRIC SIGNAL, AND COMPUTER MEANS FOR COMBINING THE SIGNALS DELIVERED BY ALL OF SAID DEVICES INTO OTHER SIGNALS REPRESENTING THE COMPONENTS OF SAID DISPLACEMENT IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL COORDINATE SYSTEM.
Abstract:
INPUT AND/OR OUTPUT GATE FOR GRID-TYPE SPECTROMETER WITH A MULTIPLICITY OF SUBSTANTIALLY IDENTICALLY SHAPED, RANDOMLY DISTRIBUTED ZONES OF A RADIATION TRANSMISSIVITY DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF THE BACKGROUND, THE TOTAL AREA OF THE ZONES BEING PREFERABLY EQUAL TO THAT OF THE BACKGROUND OUTSIDE THE ZONES. THE ZONES EXTEND ONLY OVER A SMALL FRACTION OF THE OVERALL GRID SURFACE IN ANY DIMENSION AND, WHEN THE GRID IS TO BE USED AS A COMBINED INPUT AND OUTPUT GATE IN AN AUTOCOLLIMATING SPECTROMETER, MAY BE ARRANGED IN PAIRS SYMMETRICALLY POSITIONED WITH REFERENCE TO A COMMON CNETER.