Abstract:
Poly(oxytetramethylene) diamines having the formula:
wherein n represents 0 or a positive number up to 50 which can be prepared with good yield and selectivity, by contacting a poly(oxytetramethylene) diacetate having the formula:
with hydrogen and ammonia in the presence of a catalyst comprising, on an oxide-free basis, 70 to 78 wt.% of nickel, 20 to 25 wt.% of copper, 0.5 to 5 wt.% of chromium and 1 to 5 wt.% of molybdenum.
Abstract:
An extractive distillation agent comprising triethylene glycol is fed to an extractive distillation column used for the distillation of propylene oxide contaminated with water, acetone and methanol to obtain an overhead distillate fraction consisting of essentially anhydrous propylene oxide contaminated with reduced quantities of acetone and methanol, and a heavier bottoms distillation fraction containing substantially all of the triethylene glycol, water and acetone and some of the methanol introduced into the distillation column.
Abstract:
Polyurea elastomers, having a slow rate of cure, and suitable as adhesives or as surface coatings can be prepared by the reaction, in the absence of solvent, of an NCO-terminated quasi-prepolymer with a polyoxyalkylene polyamine and an aromatic diamine chain extender. The quasi-prepolymers are obtained by reacting polyoxyalkylene polyamine with a stoichiometric excess of aliphatic polyisocyanate.
Abstract:
A high selectivity to secondary amines is obtained when nitriles, especially nitriles having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, such as tallow nitrile is passed continuously over a catalyst comprising 10 to 30 wt.% of cobalt, 1 to 20 wt.% of copper, and 1 to 30 wt.% of nickel in a refractory support of alumina and/or silica. The reaction can be carried out in two stages, e.g. using the same catalyst for both stages. In the first stage the nitrile is passed over the catalyst with both hydrogen and ammonia. In the second stage, hydrogen is present but ammonia is absent.
Abstract:
The reaction time in the preparation of polyureas from a diisocyanate whose isocyanate groups are linked to an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carbon atom, with a polyurea polyamine, can be varied by using as chain extender a sym-dialkylethylenediamine whose alkyl groups have 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
Abstract:
Hydroxyl-terminated diene oligomers, and especially polybutadiene oligomers with a high OH functionality may be formed, with little equipment fouling arising from solid or gel-type by-products, by polymerizing a diene, preferably 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide employing a glycol monoalkyl ether or glycol monoalkylether carboxylate as solvent. Preferred solvents have the formula
wherein R¹ and R⁴ are C₁-C₁₀ alkyl, and R² and R³ are hydrogen or methyl.
Abstract:
Tertiary aliphatic methyl amines can be produced in a continuous process by reacting a secondary alkylamine, hydrogen and a formaldehyde source in the presence of a catalyst comprising nickel, promoted with a transition metal selected from manganese, iron, zinc, copper and/or chromium, more preferably a nickel-copper chromium catalyst. Preferred secondary amines have the formula
wherein R¹ and R² are each alkyl having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, e.g. hydrogenated tallow alkyl.
wherein each R is C₁ to C₄ alkyl and R' is a group of the formula
in which x is 2 to 10 are effective as stabilizers against light, heat and oxidation for epoxy resins and for polyurea, polyurethane, and polyurethane- urea elastomers.
Abstract:
Polyurea elastomers are produced by reacting an isocyanate with an amine-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyol in the presence of a chain extender according to the invention, the chain extender comprises a minor amount of tetraalkylpiperazine, preferably tetramethyl piperazine, and a major amount of diethyl toluene diamine. The invention also provides a method for synthesizing tetraalkylpiperazines simultaneously with tetraalkylpiperazinones, by reacting a 2-amino-2-alkyl-1-alkanol in the presence of a nickel plus transition metal catalyst.
Abstract:
A useful group of chain extenders for the production of polyurea elastomers by reacting polyisocyanates with amine-terminated polyols are alkyl-substituted piperazines. The preferred piperazines, some of which are novel, are compounds of the formula
wherein R is C₁-C₁₀ alkyl and R′ and R˝ are each alkyl radical or inertly-substituted alkyl. These alkyl-substituted piperazines can be obtained by reacting a 2-amino-2-alkyl-1-alkanol alkylene oxide adduct with ammonia.