Abstract:
A method for maintaining and/or repairing a protective coating on the surfaces of at least one component in a high temperature zone of an engine during operation thereof wherein selected additives are employed in the engine's fuel.
Abstract:
Substituted 1,2-dihydropyridines of the formula ##SPC1##In which R and R.sup.2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --NH.sub.2, silyl, silyl linked via oxygen, silyl linked via nitrogen, sulfamyl, organosulfonamido, nitro, organic radical, organic radical linked via oxygen, organic radical linked via sulfur, organic radical linked via nitrogen, organic radical linked via --SO-- and organic radical linked via --SO.sub.2 --; with the proviso that the R.sup.2 groupings when joined together form an ortho condensed cyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon; R.sup.1 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --NH.sub.2, silyl, silyl linked via oxygen, silyl linked via nitrogen, sulfamyl, organosulfonamido, nitro, organic radical, organic radical linked via oxygen, organic radical linked via sulfur, organic radical linked via nitrogen, organic radical linked via --SO-- organic radical linked via --SO.sub.2 --, mercapto, sulfino and sulfo; R.sup.3 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, and methyl; and Z is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen and an electron-withdrawing group containing an electronegative atom doubly or triply bonded to a more positive atom which atom is singly bonded to the carbon atom attached to the pyridine ring. Exemplary of such compositions is 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2-(1-cyanoethyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine. The compounds of the invention are useful as antioxidants for polyphenyl ethers, as stabilizers for halogenated polyhydrocarbons, as curing agents for silicones and epoxide resins, as dyeing improvers for polyesters and as fuel additives for imparting hypergolic properties.
Abstract:
A Liquid, comprising an hydrophobic flavonoid derivative electrochemically non-active, that is capable of restoring its electrochemical activity, the concentration of the flavonoid derivative being 10 ppm by weight or less, and an organic substance in an amount of 90% by weight or more.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing compounds of general formula (I) by converting the compound of general formula (II), where L, L' independently of one another are the same or different and represent Cl or OH, in the presence of a) chlorine compounds Cl-M2 R1 R2 R3, Cl-M3 R4 R5 R6, with the proviso that both L and L' are not OH at the same time, or b) hydroxy compounds HO-M2 R1 R2 R3, HO-M3 R4 R5 R6. The invention also relates to the use of compounds of general formula (I) as tracer substances for liquids and to methods for detecting tracer substances in liquids
Abstract:
Lubricants, especially lubricating oils, and fuels, especially hydrocarbon fuels, contain a class of anti-wear, and extreme pressure additives that are derived from silanes. The additives can be used as either partial or complete replacements for zinc dialkyldithiophosphates currently used in lubricant and fuels.