Abstract:
An optical digital-to-analog conversion is realized by employing either a continuous wave or pulsed laser optical signal. The laser optical signal is split into a plurality of mutually coherent optical beams, which are phase shift modulated by bits of a digital data sequence to be converted to an analog signal. The phase shift modulated optical beams are recombined coherently to realize the desired digital-to-analog converted optical signal.
Abstract:
A chemical sensing system and method. The system (10) includes a transmitter (20) having a laser (200) for providing a collimated beam of electromagnetic energy at a first frequency and a Q switch (230) in optical alignment with the beam. The system further inlcudes a crystal for shifting the frequency of the beam from the first frequency to a second frequency. A mechanism is included for shifting the beam from the second frequency to a third frequency in the range of 8-12 microns. Ideally, the input beam is provided by a neodymium-YAG laser and the Q switch is a passive Q switch. The crystal is x-cut potassium titanyl arsenate. The system includes a mechanism for switching the polarization state of the second beam and providing third and fourth beams therefrom. The third beam has a first polarizaion and the fourth beam has a second polarization. The second polyrization is orthogonal relative to the first polarization. The mechanism for shifting the beam from the second frequency to the third frequency includes first and seccond optical parametric oscillators (250 and 271), each optical parametric oscillator including a cadmium selenide crystal. The frequency shifted third and fourth beams are combined to provide an output beam in the range of 8-12 microns. The output beam is transmitted and a return signal therefrom is detected by a receiver in the illustrative chemical sensing application.
Abstract:
A passive Q switch. The inventive Q switch (230) includes a first wedge (232) of material adapted to absorb electromagnetic energy. The first wedge (232) has a first thickness on a first end thereof and a second thickness on a second end thereof diametrically opposite the first end. The first wedge (232) has a first surface connecting the first and second ends and a second surface (236) connecting the first and second ends. The second surface (236) is slanted relative to the first surface. A second wedge of material (234) is included in the inventive passive Q switch (230). As per the first wedge (232), the second wedge (234) has a first thickness on a first end thereof and a second thickness on a second end thereof diametrically opposite the first end. The second wedge has a first surface connecting the first and second ends and a second surface (238) connecting the first and second ends. The second surface (238) is slanted relative to the first surface. The second surface (236) of the first wedge (232) is mounted in optical alignment with the second surface (238) of the second wedge (234) and in a plane parallel thereto. In the illustrative embodiment, the wedges (232, 234) are made of chromium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Cr+2:YAG) and mounted to allow the first and second wedges to translate relative to each other while maintaining a constant distant 'd' between the second surfaces thereof. The inventive Q switch allows for a variable thickness and lasing hold-off in a passive arrangement.
Abstract:
A novel and efficient system and method for providing an output beam of collimated energy in the 8-12 micron range. The solid state system includes a pump laser (210) for providing an input beam and an OPO (250) using an x-cut potassium titanyl arsenate crystal for shifting the input beam from the first frequency to a second frequency. A second optical parametric oscillator (271) is included for shifting the beam from a second frequency to a third frequency. The second optical parametric oscillator (271) uses a cadmium selenide crystal. A tuning mechanism with an associated controller is provided to tune the oscillator as needed for a particular application.
Abstract:
An optical module includes: a driver; an optical modulator; a connector that is electrically connected to either the driver or the optical modulator and is provided with an input/output terminal; and a flexible substrate that has flexibility, is connected to the connector, and transfers an electrical signal generated by the driver to the optical modulator, wherein in an end part connected to the connector, the flexible substrate has, on a first surface facing the input/output terminal, a signal-purpose wiring pattern used for transferring the electrical signal and a ground-purpose wiring pattern formed along the signal-purpose wiring pattern, and has, on a second surface that is different from the first surface, a ground electrode that partially covers the second surface and has a shorter electrical distance to the signal-purpose wiring pattern than an electrical distance between the signal-purpose wiring pattern and the ground-purpose wiring pattern.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display panel and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a data driving module; data lines arranged in an active area in parallel with one another; and data wirings arranged in a fanout area, one end of each data wiring being connected with an output end of said data driving module, the other end thereof being connected with a data line of said active area, wherein the data lines in said active area are arranged to have different widths.
Abstract:
An optical transmitting apparatus includes: a substrate; optical modulators that are arranged in parallel to one another on the substrate and modulate light; waveguides that are formed on the substrate and guide signal light represented by at least one of modulated light beams obtained by the light being modulated by the plurality of optical modulators and monitor light represented by at least another one of the modulated light beams other than the signal light; lenses that collimate the signal light and the monitor light emitted from the waveguides; and a holding member that causes the signal light and the monitor light to be emitted from the lenses in mutually-different directions, by holding the lenses in such a manner that the optical axis of at least one of the lenses is out of alignment in a predetermined direction with the optical axis of at least one of the waveguides.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal panel and a cross-shaped spacer structure thereof are disclosed. The liquid crystal panel includes an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a cross-shaped spacer structure sandwiched between the array substrate and the color filter substrate. The cross-shaped spacer structure includes a plurality of H-shaped first spacers disposed on the upper surface of the array substrate and a plurality of strip-like second spacers disposed on the lower surface of the color filter substrate. The end surface of the crossbar of each one of the H-shaped first spacers and the end surface of each one of the strip-like second spacers are abutted against each other in a cross manner. Thus, when the liquid crystal panel is impacted by external force, the H-shaped first spacers and the strip-like second spacers can keep a tight abutment therebetween, so as to ensure the display quality of the liquid crystal panel.
Abstract:
The disclosure is directed at a waveguide sandwich which comprises a pair of host materials, each of the host materials housing a component waveguide. The component waveguides are then placed in physical contact with each other to form a composite waveguide thereby producing a waveguide sandwich.
Abstract:
An optical module includes: a driver; an optical modulator; a connector that is electrically connected to either the driver or the optical modulator and is provided with an input/output terminal; and a flexible substrate that has flexibility, is connected to the connector, and transfers an electrical signal generated by the driver to the optical modulator, wherein in an end part connected to the connector, the flexible substrate has, on a first surface facing the input/output terminal, a signal-purpose wiring pattern used for transferring the electrical signal and a ground-purpose wiring pattern formed along the signal-purpose wiring pattern, and has, on a second surface that is different from the first surface, a ground electrode that partially covers the second surface and has a shorter electrical distance to the signal-purpose wiring pattern than an electrical distance between the signal-purpose wiring pattern and the ground-purpose wiring pattern.