Abstract:
The present invention relates to an alkali metal generating agent and others for formation of a photo-cathode or a secondary-electron emitting surface capable of stably generating an alkali metal. The alkali metal generating agent is used in formation of a photo-cathode for emitting a photoelectron corresponding to incident light, or in formation of a secondary-electron emitting surface for emitting secondary electrons corresponding to an incident electron. Particularly, the alkali metal generating agent contains at least an oxidizer comprising at least one vanadate with an alkali metal ion as a counter cation, and a reducer for reducing the ion. An alkali metal generating device comprises at least the alkali metal generating agent and a case housing it, and the case is provided with a discharge port for discharging the vapor of the alkali metal.
Abstract:
A photomultiplier which can be easily made compact has a dynode unit having a plurality of dynode plates (6) stacked in an electron incident direction in a vacuum container fabricated by a housing and a base member integrally formed with the housing. Each dynode plate is constituted by welding at least two plates (6a,6b) overlapping each other. The welding positions (W) do not overlap each other in the stacking direction of the dynode plates. With this structure, field discharge at the welding portions between the dynode plates can be prevented to reduce noise.
Abstract:
Procédé et dispositif de production d'électrons utilisant un couplage de champ et l'effet photoélectrique. Selon l'invention, on envoie, sous incidence rasante, un premier rayonnement (6) du domaine infrarouge, polarisé rectilignement, sur une cible (2) faite d'un matériau non électriquement isolant et, simultanément, on envoie sur ladite cible, sous incidence non rasante, un second rayonnement (8) du domaine visible ou ultraviolet, et de telle façon qu'une même zone de la cible soit atteinte par le premier et le second rayonnements, le plan de polarisation du premier rayonnement étant en outre tel qu'il contienne une normale à ladite zone, cette zone produisant alors des électrons. Application à la réalisation de lasers à électrons libres.