Abstract:
The present invention aims at realizing a gas concentration estimation apparatus with versatility wherein the gas concentration estimation apparatus estimates concentration of a target component in an analyte gas by analyzing a light emitted from plasma of the analyte gas. The present invention is directed to a gas concentration estimation apparatus including: a plasma generation device that turns an analyte gas into a plasma state; and an analysis device that analyzes plasma light emitted from the plasma generated by the plasma generation device and estimates concentration of a target component in the analyte gas wherein the analysis device estimates the concentration of the target component based on luminescence intensity of a wavelength component corresponding to luminescence from a predetermined radical within the plasma light, and the predetermined radical is different in atomic structure from the target component and includes an atom or a molecule separated from the target component.
Abstract:
A system for measuring analytical reactions comprising a socket (51, 57) which is suitable for holding an optode array chip (40).The socket comprises electrical contacts that mate with electrical contacts on a chip when such a chip is inserted into the socket. The socket furthermore permits fluid from a fluidics system (33) and illumination from an illumination system (53) to be for delivered to a chip when such a chip is inserted into the socket. The socket may be of the clam shell type.
Abstract:
The invention makes it possible to measure a calorie by using near-infrared rays, thereby realizing calorie measurement of an object to be quickly and easily performed using a non-destructive method. A device of measuring calorie of an object includes an object holding unit (1) including a table (2) on which an inspection-target object (M) is placed; a light source unit (20) that supplies light in near-infrared regions to irradiate the inspection-target object (M) placed on the turning table (2); a light reception unit (30) that receives light reflected from or transmitted though the object (M); and a control unit (40) that calculates the calorie of the object (M) in accordance with the absorbances of the light received by the light reception unit (30). In the control unit (40), the calorie of object (M) is calculated in accordance with a regression expression and the absorbances of the light received by the light reception unit (30). In this case, the regression expression is preliminarily calculated in the manner that near-infrared rays are irradiated on a calorie known sample object (M), and multiple-regression analyses are performed on second derivative spectra at the absorbances of light reflected from or transmitted though the sample object (M).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a high-resolution scanning surface-plasmon microscope, comprising a coherent light source (LG) and a medium for coupling and confining a surface plasmon, comprising an objective (O, 0M) of large numerical aperture, an immersion oil (Hi) and a glass slide (Gs). A metal layer (Ms) covers one surface of the glass slide (Gs). The microscope also includes a Twyman-Green interferometer operating in heterodyne mode, this being placed between the light source and the coupling medium, and also means (PL1, PL2, EC) for scanning the metal layer using a light beam, and means (PD) for detecting the beam output by the interferometer, said means being connected to means (S, F, DTec, COMP) for processing and forming an image from this beam. In accordance with the invention, at least one polarization converter (CP), for converting a linear polarization of the light beams (L) emitted by the light source (LG) into a radial polarization, is placed between the light source and the interferometer.
Abstract:
An optical apparatus for measurement of industrial chemical processes. The analyzer uses Raman scattering and performs measurement of chemical concentrations in continuous or batch processes. The analyzer operates at a standoff distance from the analyte (or analytes) and can measure concentrations through an optical port, facilitating continuous, non-destructive, and non-invasive analysis without extracting the analyte or analytes from the process. The analyzer can measure one or several solid, liquid, or gaseous analytes, or a mixture thereof.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a dispersive holographic spectrometer (12) for analyzing radiation from an infrared source (16). The holographic spectrometer (12) comprises a piezoelectric block (40) having a holographic lens (38) on one face, an array of detectors (36) on another face and a pair of vernier electrodes (32, 34) on opposite faces. Radiation from the source (16) incident upon the holographic lens (38) is dispersed into component wavelengths (44, 46) and directed towards the detector array (36). The holographic lens (38) has a holographic interference pattern recorded on it such that radiation of predetermined wavelength components are dispersed sufficiently enough such that radiation of specific wavelengths falls on different detector elements (48) of the detector array (36). By applying a voltage to the electrodes (32, 38), an electric field is created within the piezoelectric block (40) such that it is either compressed or expanded. This change in the piezoelectric block (40) alters the direction of the radiation from the holographic lens (38) to the detector array (36). Therefore, misalignment of the source (16) with the holographic lens (38) can be compensated for such that piezoelectric adjustment of the block (40) will make the radiation of individual wavelengths fall on the desired detector element (48). Further, radiation from different wavelengths can be directed from one detector element to another. The detector array (36) is self-scanning such that an absorption spectrum can be measured and recorded over a range of frequencies.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein interferometrische Einrichtung zum Nachweis einer Substanz mit strukturiertem, insbesondere periodischem oder quasiperiodischem Absorptionsspektrum und besteht aus einer Strahlungsquelle, in deren Strahlengang die zu untersuchende Substanz, ein Interferenzfilter, dessen Dicke den Abstand der Interferenzlinien bestimmt sowie ein Detektor angeordnet sind. Das Interferenzfilter ist ein thermooptisch abstimmbares Filter, welches aus einer Platte aus thermooptisch aktivem Material besteht, deren Stirnseiten teildurchlässig verspiegelt sein können. Eine Verschiebung der Durchlaßcharakteristik des Filters wird mit Hilfe einer Temperaturänderung des Filters erzeugt wird, wobei die Temperaturdifferenz ein Maß für die Verschiebung ist. Die Dicke der Platte ist so gewählt, daß der Abstand der erzeugten Interferenzlinien dem Abstand der Absorptionslinien der zu bestimmenden Substanz entspricht.
Abstract:
Apparatus (10) and methods for measuring dark and bright reflectances of translucent sheet material (2) are disclosed. The apparatus (10) comprises first optical means for illuminating one side of the sheet material (2) with a source of electromagnetic radiation. A portion of the radiation is transmitted through the sheet material (2) and another portion of the radiation is reflected by the sheet material. The apparatus (10) also comprises optical gating means (30) that is positioned adjacent the other side of the sheet material (2) in a fixed position relative to the first optical means. The optical gating means (30) absorbs substantially all of the transmitted portion of the radiation when switched to a dark state and reflects substantially all of the transmitted portion of the radiation back through the sheet material (2) when switched to a bright state. The apparatus (10) further comprises second optical means for collecting the reflected portion of the radiation and the portion of the trasmitted portion of the radiation reflected by the optical gating means (30) and retransmitted through the sheet material (2) to provide a total reflectance. The total reflectance has a dark reflectance intensity when the optical gating means (30) is in the dark state and a bright reflectance intensity when the optical gating means is in the bright state. The apparatus also comprises sensing means (60), responsive to radiation collected by the second optical means, for providing a dark signal having a magnitude corresponding to the dark reflectance intensity and a bright signal having a magnitude corresponding the the bright reflectance intensity. The dark and bright signals can be incorporated in known formulae to compute values for quality attributes of the sheet material (2) including opacity and color.
Abstract:
Interferometrische Einrichtung zum Nachweis einer Substanz mit strukturiertem Absorptionsspektrum mit einer Strahlungsquelle (L), in deren Strahlengang die zu untersuchende Substanz (K), ein Interferenzfilter, dessen Dicke den Abstand der Interferenzlinien bestimmt und ein Detektor (D) angeordnet sind. Das Interferenzfilter ist ein elektrisch abstimmbares Filter (E) mit einer Platte aus elektrooptischem Material (P) und teildurchlässig verspiegelten Stirnseiten (S).