Abstract:
The disclosed invention relates to a process for making a multiphase mixture, comprising: flowing a first fluid stream through a process microchannel, the first fluid stream comprising at least one liquid and/or at least one gas, the process microchannel having an apertured section; flowing a second fluid stream through the apertured section into the process microchannel in contact with the first fluid stream to form the multiphase mixture, the second fluid stream comprising at least one gas and/or at least one microbody-forming material, the first fluid stream forming a continuous phase in the multiphase mixture, the second fluid stream forming a discontinuous phase dispersed in the continuous phase.
Abstract:
Methods of fabricating a semiconductor device on and in a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region are provided. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a method comprises forming a first gate stack overlying the first region and a second gate stack overlying the second region, etching into the substrate first recesses and second recesses, the first recesses aligned at least to the first gate stack in the first region, and the second recesses aligned at least to the second gate stack in the second region, epitaxially growing a first stress-inducing monocrystalline material in the first and second recesses, removing the first stress-inducing monocrystalline material from the first recesses, and epitaxially growing a second stress-inducing monocrystalline material in the first recesses, wherein the second stress-inducing monocrystalline material has a composition different from the first stress-inducing monocrystalline material.
Abstract:
Semiconductor devices and methods for fabricating semiconductor devices are provided. One exemplary method comprises providing a silicon-comprising substrate having a first surface, etching a recess into the first surface, the recess having a side surface and a bottom surface, implanting carbon ions into the side surface and the bottom surface, and forming an impurity-doped, silicon-comprising region overlying the side surface and the bottom surface.
Abstract:
Semiconductor transistor devices and related fabrication methods are provided. An exemplary transistor device includes a layer of semiconductor material having a channel region defined therein and a gate structure overlying the channel region. Recesses are formed in the layer of semiconductor material adjacent to the channel region, such that the recesses extend asymmetrically toward the channel region. The transistor device also includes stress-inducing semiconductor material formed in the recesses. The asymmetric profile of the stress-inducing semiconductor material enhances carrier mobility in a manner that does not exacerbate the short channel effect.
Abstract:
The invention provides apparatuses and techniques for controlling flow between a manifold and two or more connecting microchannels. Flow between plural connecting microchannels, that share a common manifold, can be made more uniform by the use of flow straighteners and distributors that equalize flow in connecting channels. Alternatively, flow can be made more uniform by sections of narrowed diameter within the channels. Methods of making apparatus and methods of conducting unit operations in connecting channels are also described.
Abstract:
A divider is provided. The divider includes a first flip-flop, a flip-flop array, a first NOT gate, a second NOT gate, and a circuit. The first flip-flop can be triggered by a frequency signal. The first NOT gate is coupled between a positive output terminal of the last second flip-flop and the first flip-flop. The second NOT gate is coupled between the positive output terminal of the last second flip-flop and the circuit. The first NOT gate and the second NOT gate are controlled by the mode control signal for enabling. If N is an odd number, the circuit includes a wire, and if N is an even number, the circuit includes a third NOT gate.
Abstract:
The HIV-1 protein Vif comprises a multimerization domain that allows Vif-Vif interaction and Vif multimerization, which is important for Vif function in the HIV-1 life-cycle. A method for screening for an antagonist of Vif comprises contacting the multimerization domain of Vif with a test compound that specifically binds the multimerization domain. Antagonists identified by the screening assay inhibit Vif multimerization. The antagonists inhibit essential functions of Vif and accordingly are useful as inhibitors of HIV-1 replication.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a configuration method for inter-module interfaces of billing and accounting system, the steps are as follows: 1) interface configuration method is stored in the billing and accounting system by a form of static library named as libcdr.a, it is an invoking relationship between a configuration engine of the inter-module interfaces and each functional module class, that is each functional module of the billing and accounting system invoking the configuration engine to complete an unified conversion transaction of input and output format; 2) automatic analysis of each service data is configurable; all configuration information is integrated in one unified configuration file cdr.ini, two types of data information transaction are supported in this configuration file: one is network element raw input data, other is standardized data in the system.
Abstract:
The present invention includes methods and apparatuses that utilize microchannel technology and, more specifically in exemplary form, producing hydrogen peroxide using microchannel technology. An exemplary process for producing hydrogen peroxide comprises flowing feed streams into intimate fluid communication with one another within a process microchannel to form a reactant mixture stream comprising a hydrogen source and an oxygen source such as, without limitation, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Thereafter, a catalyst is contacted by the reactant mixture and is operative to convert a majority of the reactant mixture to hydrogen peroxide that is withdrawn via an egressing product stream. During the hydrogen peroxide chemical reaction, exothermic energy is generated. This exothermic energy is absorbed by the fluid within the microchannel as well as the microchannel itself. In a preferred embodiment, a heat exchange fluid is in thermal communication with the microchannel housing the exothermic reaction and is operative to absorb a portion of this exothermic energy and transfer such energy from the microchannel.