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公开(公告)号：EP1565925A2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-24
申请号：EP03811851.9
申请日：2003-11-27
Applicant: Borealis Technical Limited
Inventor： TAVKHELIDZE, Avto,c/o Borealis Technical Limited , TSAKADZE, Leri,c/o Borealis Technical Limited
CPC classification number: H01J45/00 , F25B21/00 , F25B2321/003 , H01J19/24 , H01J21/02 , Y02B30/66 , Y10S438/979
Abstract: The present invention comprises a tunneling device in which the collector electrode (24) is modified so that tunneling of higher energy electrons from the emitter electrode (22) to the collector electrode is enhanced.In one embodiment, the collector electrode is contacted with an insulator layer (28), preferably aluminum oxide, disposed between the collector and emitter electrodes.The present invention additionally comprises a method for enhancing tunneling of higher energy electrons from an emitter electrode to a collector electrode, the method comprising the step of contacting the collector electrode with an insulator, preferably aluminum oxide, and placing the insulator between the collector electrode and the emitter electrode.
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公开(公告)号：EP1373696A2
公开(公告)日：2004-01-02
申请号：EP02763986.3
申请日：2002-04-04
Applicant: Borealis Technical Limited
Inventor： COX, Isaiah Watas , REAVES, John Eric
CPC classification number: B60L11/18 , B60L11/00 , B60L11/002 , B60L2200/26 , B60L2260/162 , H01J45/00 , Y02T10/7005
Abstract: A combustion chamber (1)-thermionic device (3)-electric motor in an automobile. The combustion chamber provides a heat output which is transformed to electricity by the thermionic device (3) and a motor converts the electrical energy to motive power for the wheels (19).
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公开(公告)号：EP1018210A4
公开(公告)日：2003-11-05
申请号：EP98944798
申请日：1998-09-08
Applicant: BOREALIS TECH LTD
Inventor： TAVKHELIDZE AVTO , EDELSON JONATHAN SIDNEY
CPC classification number: F25B21/00 , F25B2321/003 , F25B2400/15 , H01J21/08 , H01J45/00 , Y02B30/66
Abstract: Diode devices are disclosed in which the separation of the electrodes is set and controlled using piezo-electric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive actuators. This avoids problems associated with electrode spacing changing or distorting as a result of heat stress. In addition it allows the operation of these devices at electrode separations which permit quantum electron tunneling between them. Pairs of electrodes whose surfaces replicate each other are also disclosed. These may be used in constructing devices with very close electrode spacings.
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公开(公告)号：EP1312247A2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-21
申请号：EP01965831.9
申请日：2001-07-05
Applicant: CRT Holdings, Inc.
IPC: H05H1/22
Abstract: A reactor and method is disclosed that creates a stabilized, heated plasma and generates a large amount of thermal energy. The initial plasma may be created by heating, either through combustion reactions and/or external heating mechanism, a fuel which is a source of hydrogen ions and air (or oxygen) inside the reactor chamber, and then locally ionizing the hot matter with an external source of radiation, such as a laser and/or an electrical discharge and/or microwave discharge. A gas vortex around the plasma mass may be maintained to control the plasma mass, shape, and location. When the reaction is performed in the presence of certain mid-Z elements, such as lithium, beryllium, boron, nitrogen, or fluorine, the reactor is observed to generate a steady-state energy output up to and greater than 100 k W providing an energy output at least a factor of about 1 and typically a factor of about 10 or greater than the energy input into the reactor that would be caused by conventional combustion of the fuels including the energy input from the external source of radiation.
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公开(公告)号：EP1166369A1
公开(公告)日：2002-01-02
申请号：EP00946746.5
申请日：2000-03-06
Applicant: ENECO, INC.
Inventor： KUCHEROV, Yan , HAGELSTEIN, Peter
CPC classification number: H02N3/00 , H01J45/00 , H01L35/30 , Y10S977/833
Abstract: The present invention embodies a solid state thermionic energy converter and is directed to a method and apparatus (10, 104, 108) for conversion of thermal energy to electrical energy, and electrical energy to refrigeration. The present invention maintains a thermal separation between an emitter (12) and a collector (16) through a fractional surface contact (13, 42, 44) of decreasing cross-sectional area towards the point of contact. The fractional surface contacts (13, 42, 44) may be associated with the emitter (12), a barrier (14), or the collector (16). Maintaining a thermal separation between the emitter (12) and the collector (16) provides for ballistic electron transport through the barrier (14) and reduces the transport of electrons through thermal conductivity. Hence, the efficiency is increased through the collection of ballistic electrons and the reduction of thermal conductivity electrons which cannot be collected. The inventive principle works for hole conductivity, as well as for electrons.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：EP1009958A1
公开(公告)日：2000-06-21
申请号：EP97939386.5
申请日：1997-08-22
Applicant: Borealis Technical Limited
Inventor： EDELSON, Jonathan, Sidney
CPC classification number: F25B21/00 , F25B2321/003 , F28F13/16 , H01J45/00 , Y02B30/66
Abstract: A Vacuum Diode Heat Pump is optimized for the most efficient pumping of heat by utilizing a cathode and anode of very low work function. The relationship of the work functions of cathode (21) and anode (22) are shown to be optimized when the cathode work function is the minimum value required to maintain current density saturation at the desired temperature, while the anode's work function is as low as possible, and in any case lower than the cathode's work function. When this relationship is obtained, the efficiency of the original device is improved. It is further shown that contact potential difference (23) between cathode (21) and anode (22) may be set against the effects of space charge, resulting in an improved device whereby anode and cathode may be set at a greater distance from each other than has been previously envisaged.
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公开(公告)号：EP0597012A1
公开(公告)日：1994-05-18
申请号：EP92917075.0
申请日：1992-07-29
Applicant: HOLMLID, Leif , SVENSSON, Robert
Inventor： HOLMLID, Leif , SVENSSON, Robert
CPC classification number: H01J45/00
Abstract: Collecteur pour convertisseur d'énergie thermo-ionique d'un nouveau type présentant une fonction de travail électronique faible. Un convertisseur d'énergie thermo-ionique comprend un émetteur (6) et un collecteur (1), entre lesquels se trouve un espace (5), alimenté en vapeur d'une matière thermo-ionique tel que le césium ou un autre métal alcalin. L'émetteur est chauffé par une source de chaleur externe afin qu'il émette des électrons vers le collecteur. Celui-ci est au moins en partie recouvert par une mince couche d'une matière, par exemple du carbone, qui est susceptible d'interagir avec la matière thermo-ionique et de produire des états excités de ce dernier de façon à maintenir une couche de matière thermo-ionique excitée sur la surface du collecteur. Le nouveau collecteur destiné aux convertisseurs thermo-ioniques présente une fonction de travail très faible, ce qui implique des pertes réduites lors de la conversion d'énergie.
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公开(公告)号：EP3255651B1
公开(公告)日：2018-12-12
申请号：EP17174416.2
申请日：2017-06-05
Applicant: GE Aviation Systems LLC
Inventor： WANG, John Xiaozhong
CPC classification number: H01J40/06 , B64D41/00 , F02C6/08 , F02C6/18 , H01G9/209 , H01J1/34 , H01J9/12 , H01J40/16 , H01J45/00 , H01L35/30 , H01L51/447
Abstract: A solar generator (10) can include a photon-enhanced thermionic emission generator (20) with a cathode (22) to receive solar radiation (70). The photon-enhanced thermionic emission generator (20) can include an anode (24) that in conjunction with the cathode (22) generates a first current (26) and waste heat (28) from the solar radiation (70). A supplemental heat source (52) can provide a supplemental heat. A thermoelectric generator (30) can be thermally coupled to the anode (24) and can convert the waste heat (28) from the anode (24) and the supplemental heat into a second current (36). A circuit can connect to the photon-enhanced thermionic emission generator (20) and to the thermoelectric generator (30) and can combine the first and the second currents (26, 36) into an output current (16).
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公开(公告)号：EP2798673A1
公开(公告)日：2014-11-05
申请号：EP12863100.9
申请日：2012-12-27
Applicant: Elwha LLC
Inventor： HYDE, Roderick A. , KARE, Jordin T. , MYHRVOLD, Nathan P. , PAN, Tony S. , WOOD, JR., Lowell L.
IPC: H01L23/34
CPC classification number: H01J45/00 , B82Y30/00 , H01J1/48 , H01J3/022 , H01J19/38 , H01J21/105 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
Abstract: A field emission device is configured as a heat engine. In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises: a cathode, an anode, wherein the anode and cathode are receptive to a first power source to produce an anode electric potential higher than a cathode electric potential; a gate positioned between the anode and the cathode, the gate being receptive to a second power source to produce a gate electric potential selected to induce electron emission from the cathode for a first set of electrons having energies above a first threshold energy; a suppressor positioned between the gate and the anode; at least one region including gas located between the cathode and the anode; and at least one path traversable for a first portion of the first set of electrons, extending from the cathode to the anode.
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公开(公告)号：EP1282935B1
公开(公告)日：2014-10-29
申请号：EP01945922.1
申请日：2001-03-06
Applicant: MicroPower Global Limited
Inventor： HAGELSTEIN, Peter, L. , KUCHEROV, Yan, R.
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