Abstract:
In a waveguide type optical device which has an optical waveguide and modulation electrodes for varying its refractive index, both formed in the top of a substrate and a ferroelectric crystal having a pyroelectric effect, the top of the crystal substrate being parallel to the direction of its spontaneous polarization, conductive films are formed in two surfaces of the crystal substrate which cross the direction of the spontaneous polarization. The conductive films are electrically interconnected to thereby prevent a change in the operating temperature characteristic of the optical device which is caused by the pyroelectric effect of the crystal substrate.
Abstract:
Disclosed is an integrated optical waveguide. This integrated optical waveguide is obtained by doping a lithium niobate monocrystal simultaneously or in two stages, by a titanium strip, in a manner known per se, to obtain a guiding zone for the optical wave, and by a titanium film of smaller thickness which covers the guiding zone and the lateral zones to preserve a waveguide in the guiding zone and improve the electro-optical behavior of the guide to which an electrical field is applied.
Abstract:
Ionic drift in integrated optical devices is reduced by the utilization of a gettering layer interposed between the surface dielectric and the electrodes. The material used to form this layer is capable of gettering the mobile ions at a relatively low temperature (for example
Abstract:
A TE-TM mode converter utilizes a Y-cut lithium niobate crystal which includes a straight titanium-diffused channel extending along the Z-axis of the crystal. A parallel pair of electrodes lie symmetrically on opposite sides of the channel. a.c. and d.c. voltage supplies are connected to the electrodes to supply voltages so as to effect complete conversion from one direction of polarization to the other direction of polarization of a wave applied as an input to one end of the channel for abstraction at the opposite end.
Abstract in simplified Chinese:一种光电调制器,包括基板、第一绝缘层、光波导、第一掺杂半导体层、第二绝缘层、第二掺杂半导体层以及第三绝缘层。第一绝缘层配置于基板。光波导配置于第一绝缘层。光波导包括第一半导体层、第二半导体层以及第三半导体层。第一半导体层配置于第一绝缘层。第二半导体层配置于第一半导体层。第三半导体层配置于第二半导体层。第一掺杂半导体层配置于第一绝缘层且位于光波导的相对二侧以电性连接光波导。第二绝缘层配置于基板以覆盖第一掺杂半导体层。第二掺杂半导体层配置于第二绝缘层且位于第三半导体层的一侧以电性连接第三半导体层。