Abstract:
A lubricant for refrigerating machines with the use of an ammonia refrigerant which comprises at least one polyether represented by the general formula (I): X{-O-(AO)n-H}p, wherein X represents a residue obtained by eliminating hydroxyl from a monool or a polyol; (AO)n is formed by the copolymerization of EO with AO having at least 3 carbon atoms; n is a number of 2 or more; and p represents the valence of X; wherein, among the hydroxyl groups at the terminal structure, secondary hydroxyl groups amount to at least 50 % of the total hydroxyl groups; or a polyether represented by the general formula (II): X{-O-(AO )a-(AO )b-H}p, wherein X represents a residue obtained by eliminating hydroxyl from a monool or a polyol; (AO )a represents polyoxyalkylene formed by the copolymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide and/or butylene oxide; (AO )b represents oxyalkylene having at least 3 carbon atoms; a is a number of 2 or more; b is a number of 1 or more; and p represents the valence of X.
Abstract:
An aqueous antimicrobial conveyor track lubricant composition is provided, comprising: (a) an effective lubricating amount of neutralised C8-C22 fatty acid soap; (b) an effective antimicrobial amount of silver ions; (c) an amount of base sufficient to set the pH of the composition at from 8 to 11. Furthermore, the invention provides a concentrate, which upon dilution with water, forms this aqueous antimicrobial composition. The invention also relates to the use of silver ions as an antimicrobial constituent in a soap based conveyor track lubricant composition.
Abstract:
A composition of matter for use in tribological applications, such as in mechanical seals, bearings and other sliding or rubbing components, which provides good durability and wear characteristics. The material is used in the "softer" one of two relatively sliding members which are in, or may come into, contact with each other during the relative rotation of one of the members relative to the other. The material is a carbon or carbonaceous formed material, such as is normally used in the manufacture of a primary seal ring in a mechanical seal, and comprises an additive compound which contains at least one compound from a group consisting of neodymium fluoride, praseodymium fluoride, gadolinium fluoride and lanthanum fluoride.
Abstract:
According to the method of the invention, first a paste is produced from a plastics dispersion and fillers in order to form the plastics sliding layer. This paste is free from organic solvents and is applied to a sintered porous metal layer. The resultant multi-layer material is then sintered. Since organic solvents are not used, the risks to health and the risk of fire are considerably reduced. Furthermore, the composite materials produced according to the invention have exceptional resistance to cavitation. In addition to conventional fields of application relative to lubrication-free articles, such as bearings, these composite materials can therefore also be used in gear pumps and shock absorbers.
Abstract:
A lubricant and surface conditioner for formed metal surfaces, particularly beverage containers, reduces the coefficient of static friction of said metal surfaces and enables drying said metal surfaces at a lower temperature. An aqueous composition for forming the conditioner by contact with metal surfaces includes a water-soluble organic material selected from a phosphate ester, alcohol, fatty acid including mono-, di-, tri-, and polyacids; fatty acid derivatives such as salts, hydroxy acids, amides, esters, ethers and derivatives thereof; and mixtures thereof and at least one of the elements selected from zirconium, titanium, cerium, aluminum, iron, tin, vanadium, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, and hafnium in metallic or ionic form. In order to avoid formation of sludge in the aqueous lubricant and surface conditioner forming composition, the composition should contain as little as possible of materials containing phenanthrene rings, such as conventional surfactants made by ethoxylating resin. In order to assure the minimization of such surfactants in the aqueous lubricant and surface conditioner forming composition, surfactants containing phenanthrene rings should also be avoided or minimized in earlier cleaning stages.
Abstract:
The coefficient of friction of aluminum can surfaces after alkaline cleaning and drying can be substantially reduced by adding to the alkaline cleaner a mobility-enhancing additive, preferably a surface active quaternary ammonium salt with hydroxyethyl substituents on the quaternary nitrogen atoms. A can surface suitable for automatic conveying and high quality lacquer or printing ink adhesion can thereby be obtained, if desired, without including any substantial fluoride content in any treatment stage.
Abstract:
A lubricant and surface conditioner for formed metal surfaces, particularly aluminum and tin beverage containers, reduces the coefficient of static friction of said metal surfaces and enables drying said metal surfaces at a lower temperature. The conditioner includes (i) a water-soluble organic material selected from amine oxides and quaternary ammonium salts, ethoxylated castor oil derivatives, and imidazoline moiety-containing phosphonates and preferably also includes (ii) at least one of fluozirconate, fluohafnate, or fluotitanate ion, and (iii) phosphate and/or nitrate ions. Good resistance to damaging the friction reducing effect by overheating and to staining of the domes of treated containers during pasteurization can be achieved.
Abstract:
This invention relates to perfluoroalkyl group terminated urethanes, thiourethanes and ureas of the general formula: (R-X-CONH)mA where m is 1, 2, or 3, R is Rf-E and optionally R1 with the proviso that at least one R is Rf-E, Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group, R1 is a hydrocarbon group, E is a linkage group, X is -O-, -S-, -NHR2- and R2 is H or lower alkyl and A is RfE or R1 if m is 1 and a divalent or trivalent linkage group if m is 2 or 3 respectively. Compounds of this general formula are useful as solid lubricants or as additives for waxes and resins providing lubricating properties.
Abstract:
A lubricant and surface conditioner for formed metal surfaces, particularly beverage containers, reduces the coefficient of static friction of said metal surfaces and enables drying said metal surfaces at a lower temperature. The conditioner is formed by contacting the metal surface with an aqueous composition that includes a water-soluble organic material selected from a phosphate ester, alcohol, fatty acid including mono-, di-, tri-, and polyacids; fatty acid derivatives such as salts, hydroxy acids, amides, esters, ethers and derivatives thereof; and mixtures thereof.
Abstract:
A parting agent for die casting comprising an emulsion based on animal or vegetable oil, mineral oil, fatty acid and its ester and, added thereto, 10 to 10,000 ppm of an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The metal salt serves to prevent micelle formation of the aqueous emulsion of the parting agent, thus forming a stable emulsion, is scarcely affected by temperature, and forms a water-soluble complex with a divalent metal ion, so that no precipitate is formed even when hard water is used to dilute a parting agent.