Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein interferometrisches Analysengerät zum Nachweis mehrerer Substanzen mit strukturiertem, insbesondere periodischem oder quasiperiodischem Absorptionsspektrum in einem Substanzgemisch. In den Strahlengang einer Lichtquelle (L) ist nacheinander daß zu untersuchende Substanzgemisch (K), ein elektrooptisch oder thermooptisch abstimmbares Fabry-Perot-Element (E), dessen Dioke den Abstand der Interferenzlinien bestimmt, und ein Detektor (D) angeordnet. Zum Nachweis meherer Substanzen ist die optische Dioke des Fabry-Perot-Elementes (E) so gewählt, daß der sich daraus ergebende Abstand der Interferenzlinien dem Abstand der Absorptionslinien mehrerer Substanzen in ausgewählten Spektralbereichen entspricht. (Fig.1)
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein interferometrische Einrichtung zum Nachweis einer Substanz mit strukturiertem, insbesondere periodischem oder quasiperiodischem Absorptionsspektrum und besteht aus einer Strahlungsquelle, in deren Strahlengang die zu untersuchende Substanz, ein Interferenzfilter, dessen Dicke den Abstand der Interferenzlinien bestimmt sowie ein Detektor angeordnet sind. Das Interferenzfilter ist ein thermooptisch abstimmbares Filter, welches aus einer Platte aus thermooptisch aktivem Material besteht, deren Stirnseiten teildurchlässig verspiegelt sein können. Eine Verschiebung der Durchlaßcharakteristik des Filters wird mit Hilfe einer Temperaturänderung des Filters erzeugt wird, wobei die Temperaturdifferenz ein Maß für die Verschiebung ist. Die Dicke der Platte ist so gewählt, daß der Abstand der erzeugten Interferenzlinien dem Abstand der Absorptionslinien der zu bestimmenden Substanz entspricht.
Abstract:
Apparatus (10) and methods for measuring dark and bright reflectances of translucent sheet material (2) are disclosed. The apparatus (10) comprises first optical means for illuminating one side of the sheet material (2) with a source of electromagnetic radiation. A portion of the radiation is transmitted through the sheet material (2) and another portion of the radiation is reflected by the sheet material. The apparatus (10) also comprises optical gating means (30) that is positioned adjacent the other side of the sheet material (2) in a fixed position relative to the first optical means. The optical gating means (30) absorbs substantially all of the transmitted portion of the radiation when switched to a dark state and reflects substantially all of the transmitted portion of the radiation back through the sheet material (2) when switched to a bright state. The apparatus (10) further comprises second optical means for collecting the reflected portion of the radiation and the portion of the trasmitted portion of the radiation reflected by the optical gating means (30) and retransmitted through the sheet material (2) to provide a total reflectance. The total reflectance has a dark reflectance intensity when the optical gating means (30) is in the dark state and a bright reflectance intensity when the optical gating means is in the bright state. The apparatus also comprises sensing means (60), responsive to radiation collected by the second optical means, for providing a dark signal having a magnitude corresponding to the dark reflectance intensity and a bright signal having a magnitude corresponding the the bright reflectance intensity. The dark and bright signals can be incorporated in known formulae to compute values for quality attributes of the sheet material (2) including opacity and color.
Abstract:
Gas detector devices, systems, and methods using a Golay cell are described herein. One device includes a microphone having a front surface with an sound collecting aperture for receiving sound, a substrate, a gas cavity formed in the substrate such that the gas cavity is in gas communication with the sound collecting aperture and the front surface forms a side surface of the gas cavity, and a window abutting the substrate to form a side surface of the gas cavity.
Abstract:
A laser for generating deep ultra-violet (DUV) continuous wave (CW) light includes a second-harmonic generator and a fourth-harmonic generator. The fourth-harmonic generator includes a plurality of mirrors as well as first and second non-linear optical (NLO) crystals. The first NLO crystal generates the light having the fourth harmonic wavelength, and is placed in operative relation to the plurality of mirrors. The second NLO crystal is placed in operative relation to the first NLO crystal such that the light having the second harmonic wavelength passes through both the first and the second NLO crystals. Notably, the second optical axes of the second NLO crystal are rotated about a direction of propagation of the light within the second NLO crystal approximately 90 degrees relative to the first optical axes of the first NLO crystal. The second NLO crystal provides no wavelength conversion.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for arranging microdevices on an array substrate are described. Each microdevice contains a lipid bilayer region and a patterned magnetic material that has a predetermined preferential axis of magnetization. The microdevices are located at specific locations on the arraying substrate and a magnetic field is used to orient the microdevices to facilitate the study of lipids and lipid-associated moieties. The bilayer region can also contain a fluorescent reagent, which can be monitored during exposure to an excitation source. The fluorescent reagent can also be photobleached and monitored for fluorescence recovery.
Abstract:
An analytical device including an optically opaque cladding, a sequencing layer including a substrate disposed below the cladding, and a waveguide assembly for receiving optical illumination and introducing illumination into the device. The illumination may be received from a top, a side edge, and a bottom of the device. The waveguide assembly may include a nanoscale aperture disposed in the substrate and extending through the cladding. The aperture defines a reaction cell for receiving a set of reactants. In various aspects, the device includes a sensor element and the illumination pathway is through the sensor element. Waveguides and illumination devices, such as plasmonic illumination devices, are also disclosed. Methods for forming and operating the devices are also disclosed.
Abstract:
La présente invention concerne un microscope à plasmon de surface à balayage à haute résolution comportant une source (LG) de lumière cohérente, et un milieu de couplage et de confinement d'un plasmon de surface comportant un objectif (O, 0 M ) à grande ouverture numérique, une huile à immersion (Hi) et une lamelle de verre (G s ). Une couche métallique (M s ) recouvre une surface de la lamelle de verre (G s ). le microscope comporte également un interféromètre de Twyman-Green en mode hétérodyne est placé entre la source lumineuse et le milieu de couplage ainsi que des moyens de balayage (PL 1 , PL 2 , EC) de la couche métallique à l'aide d'un faisceau lumineux, et des moyens de détection (PD) du faisceau issu de l'interféromètre reliés à des moyens de traitement (S, F, D Tec , COMP) et de formation d'une image à partir de ce faisceau. Conformément à l'invention, au moins un convertisseur de polarisation linéaire en polarisation radiale (CP) des faisceaux lumineux (L) émis par la source lumineuse (LG) est disposé entre la source lumineuse et l'interféromètre.