Abstract:
The present invention provides a convenient method for separating hydrogen fluoride from a chemical mixture. More specifically, a method is provided in which hydrogen fluoride is separated from a chemical mixture containing at least one organic material by contacting the chemical mixture with a hydrogen fluoride binder. The hydrogen fluoride separated from the chemical mixture is readily recoverable from the hydrogen fluoride binder.
Abstract:
An anode/anode bonding material for anode to anode material bonding in SOFC stacks, and an anode/interconnect bonding material for anode material to interconnect material bonding in SOFC stacks are provided. The anode/anode bonding material comprises powders of reactive ingredients, nickel oxide and zirconium oxide as the major components. The anode/interconnect bonding material comprises powders of reactive ingredients, nickel oxide, zirconium oxide, cobalt oxide, calcium oxide or strontium oxide as the major components. The reactive ingredients are selected from the compounds of tungsten, tantalum, niobium, molybdenum, and titanium. During the bonding operation at subsintering temperatures of 1000 - 1300 DEG C the bonding materials react with anode and/or interconnect material to provide strong and reliable anode to anode bonds and/or anode to interconnect bonds that have a bonding strength greater than one megapascal. The respective bonds are compatible with anode and interconnect materials and are electrically conductive in SOFC operating environments.
Abstract:
A fuel cell stack is based on solid electrolytes, such as the oxygen-ion conducting solid oxide fuel cells and the proton conducting ceramic or polymer membrane fuel cells. The fuel cell has a radial, coflow planar stack with an integral, internal manifold and tubular porous elements for controlling the rate and uniformity of the radial fuel and oxidant fluid flows. Such construction minimizes the extent of sealing that may be required and provides for easy manifolding of stack arrays. In addition, the fuel cell construction has the potential for high mass and volume specific power densities and low fabrication costs.
Abstract:
An occupant safety apparatus comprising: a gimbaled web guide (80, 80') having a first member (90, 130) defining a belt exit slit (92) and a gimbaled support structure (94, 96, 100, 102, 130) for permitting the first member to rotate about at least two generally perpendicular axes. This support structure also permits the first member to rotate about a third axis.
Abstract:
A method of controlling the degree of cure of prepregs of the type used to make laminates and printed circuit boards. The degree of cure is measured and adjustments are made to the heat supplied to an incompletely cured resin-coated web to cause the overall average cure and the cure in predetermined regions of the web to be within a specified range about a target value. In a preferred embodiment, a continuous web of resin-coated fabric (10) is continuously measured to determine the degree of cure across its width, the values are averaged and then compared with the target value having a known standard deviation. Adjustments are made to the heat supply (16) and to the web speed to correct the deviation of the degree of cure from the target value.
Abstract:
By providing light-directing features, such as grooves or lenses, cut or embossed into one surface of a film substrate intended for a viewing screen, tapered optical waveguides can be fabricated from a monomer mixture layer without the need for a separate mask that must be removed after the photopolymerization process. Alternatively, a gradient-index lens array can be used to concentrate and direct the light to form the waveguides in the monomer mixture layer.
Abstract:
A heat exchanger comprises one or more parts composed of a braze clad aluminum having a composition defined essentially by the formula: Al 1.1% Mn 1.1% Mg 0.15 Cu and being brazed to other aluminum parts. The heat exchanger exhibits usable strength at operating temperatures ranging up to 232 DEG C [450 DEG F], and is especially suited for use in the charge air cooler of a diesel engine.
Abstract:
A filter of the type having first annular filter media comprising a generally columnar stack of annular filter media lamina for providing filtration for one circuit, a harness for retaining the filter media lamina in stacked columnar alignment comprising a generally circular end piece having a diameter somewhat greater than the diameter of the filter media lamina engaging one end lamina, an annular portion engaging the opposite end lamina, a plurality of elongated strips integral with and extending from the periphery of the annular portion with the end piece receiving and retaining the free ends of the elongated strips. There is a second filter media providing filtration for another circuit. The two filter media are housed adjacent to one another in a hollow cylindrical shell closed at one end. An annular retainer is integral with the shell near the other shell end for engaging the second media and retaining both media axially within the shell. The annular retainer has a plurality of apertures for providing an inlet to the common path. A grommet defines an intermediate generally annular path from within the annulus of the second media to the end of the cylindrical shell opposite the closed one end. The grommet cooperates with a base member when installed thereon to isolate the inlet, common path, annular path and central path each from the other.
Abstract:
A birefringent bias is provided to an optical sensor by the addition of one or more single birefringent elements where the total birefringence-length product remains within the accepted tolerances of current devices. The bias provided by two or more elements is such that where each element has a birefringence, a dB/dT and a coefficient of thermal expansion term, the elements are arranged in tamdem so that the combined birefringence terms equal the required birefringence bias and the dB/dT and coefficient of thermal expansion terms effectively cancel.