Abstract:
The invention provides a carrier particle comprising a core of silica and/or alumina which core has a diameter in the range of from 10 nm to 10 µm, a hydrophobic layer enveloping the core, and a layer of amphiphilic molecules enveloping the hydrophobic layer. The invention further relates to processes for preparing said particle and the use of said particle. The particle suitably carries one or more diagnostic and/or one or more therapeutic agents for use in bio-applications.
Abstract:
A lithographic patterning device deformation monitoring apparatus (38) comprising a radiation source (40), an imaging device (42), and a processor (50). The radiation source being configured to direct a plurality of beams of radiation (41) with a predetermined diameter towards a lithographic patterning device (MA) such that they are reflected by the patterning device. The imaging detector configured to detect spatial positions of the radiation beams (41') after they have been reflected by the patterning device. The processor configured to monitor the spatial positions of the radiation beams and thereby determine the presence of a patterning device deformation. The imaging detector has an collection angle which is smaller than a minimum angle of diffraction of the radiation beams.
Abstract:
A BCP having first block of first monomer and second block of second monomer, adapted to undergo a transition from disordered state to ordered state at a temperature less than T0D, further including a bridging moiety having a functional group to provide hydrogen bonding between bridging moieties of adjacent first and second BCP molecules when in the ordered state and at a temperature in excess of a glass transition temperature Tg for the BCP. Composition including BCP comprising first block of first monomer and second block of second monomer, and a crosslinking compound having first and second terminal groups joined by a central moiety and arranged to crosslink second blocks of adjacent first and second BCP molecules by providing non-covalent bonding between the terminal groups and a functional group of the second monomer of the second blocks when the BCP is in the ordered state.
Abstract:
A BCP having first block of first monomer and second block of second monomer, adapted to undergo a transition from disordered state to ordered state at a temperature less than T0D, further including a bridging moiety having a functional group to provide hydrogen bonding between bridging moieties of adjacent first and second BCP molecules when in the ordered state and at a temperature in excess of a glass transition temperature T g for the BCP. Composition including BCP comprising first block of first monomer and second block of second monomer, and a crosslinking compound having first and second terminal groups joined by a central moiety and arranged to crosslink second blocks of adjacent first and second BCP molecules by providing non-covalent bonding between the terminal groups and a functional group of the second monomer of the second blocks when the BCP is in the ordered state.
Abstract:
An imprint lithography method is disclosed for reducing a difference between an intended topography and an actual topography arising from a part of a patterned layer of fixed imprintable medium. The method involves imprinting an imprint lithography template into a layer of flowable imprintable medium to form a patterned layer in the imprintable medium, and fixing the imprintable medium to form a patterned layer of fixed imprintable medium. Local excitation is applied to the part of the patterned layer to adjust a chemical reaction in the part of the patterned layer to reduce the difference between the intended topography and the actual topography arising from the part of the fixed patterned layer of imprintable medium when this is subsequently used as a resist for patterning the substrate. An imprint medium suitable for imprint lithography with the method is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for inspecting a device imprint lithography template to detect defect particles of imprintable medium remaining on the patterned imprinting surface after an earlier imprint step. The method involves illuminating the patterned surface with radiation of a first wavelength selected to induce fluorescence of the defect particles and not to induce fluorescence of anti-adhesion compound on the patterned surface. The presence of defect particles is indicated by the presence of fluorescence from the patterned surface and can be used to initiate a cleaning step when necessary, speeding processing by eliminating unnecessary cleaning. The elimination of false positives from transferred anti-adhesion compound is reduced or eliminated. Related apparatus is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Treatment of a layer comprising self-assemblable polymer at a surface of a substrate is disclosed. In an embodiment, the treatment includes arranging a zone of temperature change to sweep across the layer, wherein a temperature of the layer within the zone differs from an initial temperature of the layer prior to passage of the zone.