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    HYDROGEN PURIFICATION PROCESS AND SYSTEM
    11.
    发明申请
    HYDROGEN PURIFICATION PROCESS AND SYSTEM 有权
    氢气净化过程和系统

    公开(公告)号：US20070212295A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-13

    申请号：US11536279

    申请日：2006-09-28

    Applicant: Richard Root Woods ,  Brook Forest Porter ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy

    Inventor： Richard Root Woods ,  Brook Forest Porter ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy

    IPC: C07C27/26 ,  C01B3/16 ,  B01J8/04

    CPC classification number: C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/147 ,  Y02P20/129

    Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit. The hydrogen can be further purified by including a secondary purification stage downstream of the PSA unit and the catalytic reactor wherein the secondary purification stage has a water adsorbent material bed that adsorbs the water vapor H2O and a hydrogen absorbent material downstream of the water absorbent material that absorbs hydrogen gas preferentially, thus concentrating the non-hydrogen components, such as CH4, into an exhaust stream that exits the bed, wherein the absorbed hydrogen gas is then desorbed to create an exiting very pure hydrogen stream.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种氢生成系统，其包括在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体的燃料重整反应器，将重整气分离成相对纯的氢气流的变压吸附（PSA）氢气净化单元，以及 以及PSA单元的下游催化反应器，其将包含在相对纯的氢气流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2 N 2）转化成甲烷（CH 4） ）和水蒸汽（H 2 O 2）。 纯化方法包括在燃料重整反应器中在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体，将重整气体分离成相对纯的氢气流和变压吸附（PSA）氢气中的废气流 净化单元，并将包含在相对纯的氢气流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2 H 2）转化成甲烷（CH 3/4）和水蒸气（H 2 O）在PSA单元的下游催化反应器中。 可以通过在PSA单元和催化反应器的下游包括二级净化级来进一步纯化氢气，其中二次净化级具有吸附水蒸气H 2 O 2的水吸附剂床和氢 吸收材料下游的吸收材料，优先吸收氢气，从而将非氢组分（例如CH 4）浓缩到离开床的排气流中，其中吸收的氢气是 脱附以产生离开的非常纯的氢气流。

    Pyrolysis and hydrogenation process
    12.
    发明授权
    Pyrolysis and hydrogenation process 失效
    热解和氢化过程

    公开(公告)号：US4166786A

    公开(公告)日：1979-09-04

    申请号：US859852

    申请日：1977-12-12

    Applicant: Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Bruce L. Winter

    Inventor： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Bruce L. Winter

    IPC: C10G1/00 ,  C10J3/16

    CPC classification number: C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/006

    Abstract: In a continuous process for recovery of values from a solid carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material is pyrolyzed in the presence of a particulate source of heat to yield a particulate carbon containing residue of pyrolysis and volatilized hydrocarbons while simultaneously the volatilized hydrocarbons are hydrogenated. The particulate source of heat is formed by oxidizing carbon in the solid residue to heat the particles. Hydrogen for hydrogenation is obtained by reacting at least a portion of the hot particulate carbon containing residue of pyrolysis with steam prior to feeding the hot particulate residue to the pyrolysis reaction zone. Steam and/or carbon dioxide can be introduced into the pyrolysis reaction zone to react with carbon containing residue contained therein. The particulate source of heat can be introduced to the pyrolysis reaction zone over an overflow weir. The hydrogen and the particulate source of heat can be formed simultaneously in an oxidation-conversion zone. The volatilized hydrocarbons can be further hydrogenated in a vapor hydrogenation zone.

    Abstract translation: 在用于从固体碳质材料回收值的连续方法中，碳质材料在颗粒热源存在下热解，得到含有热解和挥发烃的残留物的颗粒状碳氢化合物，同时挥发的烃被氢化。 颗粒热源通过氧化固体残余物中的碳以加热颗粒而形成。 氢化氢化是通过使至少一部分热含碳残余物的热解与蒸汽反应而获得的，然后将热的颗粒残余物送入热解反应区。 可以将蒸汽和/或二氧化碳引入热解反应区以与其中所含的含碳残余物反应。 颗粒热源可以通过溢流堰引入热解反应区。 氢和颗粒的热源可以在氧化转化区中同时形成。 挥发的烃可以在蒸气氢化区进一步氢化。

    Pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials with solvent quench recovery
    13.
    发明授权
    Pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials with solvent quench recovery 失效
    用溶剂淬火回收热解碳质材料

    公开(公告)号：US4085030A

    公开(公告)日：1978-04-18

    申请号：US700008

    申请日：1976-06-25

    Applicant: Norman W. Green ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Robert E. Lumpkin ,  Everett W. Knell ,  Zia I. Mirza ,  Bruce L. Winter

    Inventor： Norman W. Green ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Robert E. Lumpkin ,  Everett W. Knell ,  Zia I. Mirza ,  Bruce L. Winter

    IPC: C10B49/20 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10B49/08

    CPC classification number: C10B49/20

    Abstract: In a continuous process for recovery of values contained in a solid carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material is comminuted and then subjected to flash pyrolysis in the presence of a particulate heat source to form a pyrolysis product stream containing a carbon containing solid residue and volatilized hydrocarbons. After the carbon containing solid residue is separated from the pyrolysis product stream, values are obtained by condensing volatilized hydrocarbons. The particulate source of heat is formed by oxidizing carbon in the solid residue. Apparatus useful for practicing this process are disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 在用于回收包含在固体碳质材料中的值的连续方法中，将碳质材料粉碎，然后在颗粒状热源存在下进行快速热解，以形成含有含碳固体残余物和挥发性烃的热解产物流。 将含碳固体残余物与热解产物流分离后，通过将挥发的烃缩合得到值。 颗粒热源是通过氧化固体残渣中的碳而形成的。 公开了用于实施该方法的装置。

    Hydrogen purification process and system
    14.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen purification process and system 有权
    氢气净化过程及系统

    公开(公告)号：US07763086B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-07-27

    申请号：US12205171

    申请日：2008-09-05

    Applicant: Richard Root Woods ,  Brook Forest Porter ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy

    Inventor： Richard Root Woods ,  Brook Forest Porter ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy

    IPC: B01J7/00

    CPC classification number: C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/147 ,  Y02P20/129

    Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that includes a fuel reforming reactor generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit that separates the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream, and a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit that converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O). The method of purification involves generating a hydrogen-rich reformate gas at a temperature greater than 150 C in a fuel reforming reactor, separating the reformate gas into a relatively pure hydrogen stream and an off-gas stream in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit, and converting carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2) contained in the relatively pure hydrogen stream into methane (CH4) and water vapor (H2O) in a catalytic reactor down stream of the PSA unit. The hydrogen can be further purified by including a secondary purification stage downstream of the PSA unit and the catalytic reactor wherein the secondary purification stage has a water adsorbent material bed that adsorbs the water vapor H2O and a hydrogen absorbent material downstream of the water absorbent material that absorbs hydrogen gas preferentially, thus concentrating the non-hydrogen components, such as CH4, into an exhaust stream that exits the bed, wherein the absorbed hydrogen gas is then desorbed to create an exiting very pure hydrogen stream.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种氢生成系统，其包括在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体的燃料重整反应器，将重整气分离成相对纯的氢气流的变压吸附（PSA）氢气净化单元，以及 以及将相对纯的氢气流中包含的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2）转化为甲烷（CH4）和水蒸汽（H 2 O）的PSA单元的下游催化反应器。 纯化方法包括在燃料重整反应器中在大于150℃的温度下产生富氢重整气体，将重整气体分离成相对纯的氢气流和变压吸附（PSA）氢气中的废气流 在PSA单元的下游的催化反应器中将包含在相对纯的氢流中的一氧化碳（CO）和氢（H 2）转化为甲烷（CH 4）和水蒸气（H 2 O）。 可以通过在PSA单元和催化反应器的下游包括二级净化级来进一步纯化氢气，其中二级净化级具有吸附水蒸气H 2 O的水吸附材料床和在吸水材料下游的吸氢材料， 优先吸收氢气，从而将非氢组分如CH4浓缩到离开床的排气流中，其中吸收的氢气然后被解吸以产生离开非常纯的氢气流。

    Fuel steam reformer system and reformer startup process
    15.
    发明授权
    Fuel steam reformer system and reformer startup process 有权
    燃油蒸汽重整系统和改造者启动过程

    公开(公告)号：US07670587B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-03-02

    申请号：US11534822

    申请日：2006-09-25

    Applicant: Brook Forest Porter ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Richard Root Woods

    Inventor： Brook Forest Porter ,  Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Richard Root Woods

    IPC: C01B3/26 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J19/00

    CPC classification number: C01B3/0005 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/0888 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y02P20/128

    Abstract: A hydrogen generation system is disclosed that has a vaporization section receiving and vaporizing fuel along with water and passing the vapor to a reformer catalyst section heated by a combustor section which generates reformate gas and is fueled by off-gas from a H2 purification unit along with a combustion air source. The off-gas outlet feeds the combustor section in the reformer assembly to heat the catalyst section and the vaporization section. An H2 storage unit connected to the H2 purification unit pure H2 outlet receives the pure H2. The storage unit has an outlet selectively connectable to the reformer assembly process inlet during startup without the need for a spark igniter. The startup process includes generating heat in the combustor section of the reformer assembly by passing H2 from the H2 storage unit through the vaporization section, the reformer catalyst section, the H2 purification unit and through the off-gas connection to the combustor section, then introducing water and fuel through the vaporization section and reformer catalyst section to generate reformate gas when the system is warmed, passing the reformate gas through the H2 purification unit to the off-gas connection to the combustor section, and establishing a back pressure on the reformer catalyst section and vaporizer section to decrease the hydrogen flow from the H2 storage unit until the system is fully sustainable without addition of H2 from the H2 storage unit.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种氢气发生系统，其具有蒸发部分，其与水一起接收和蒸发燃料，并将蒸气传递到由燃烧器部分加热的重整器催化剂部分，燃烧器部分产生重整气体，并由来自H 2净化单元的废气燃料连同，以及 燃烧空气源。 废气出口将重整器组件中的燃烧器部分供给到加热催化剂部分和蒸发部分。 连接到H2净化单元纯H2出口的H2储存单元接收纯H2。 存储单元具有在启动期间可选择性地连接到重整器组件过程入口的出口，而不需要火花点火器。 启动过程包括通过使来自H 2存储单元的H 2通过蒸发部分，重整器催化剂部分，H 2纯化单元和通过与燃烧器部分的废气连接而引入重整器组件的燃烧器部分中的热量，然后引入 通过蒸发部分和重整器催化剂部分的水和燃料，当系统被加热时产生重整气体，使重整气体通过H 2净化单元到与燃烧器部分的废气连接，并在重整器催化剂上建立背压 截面和蒸发器部分，以减少来自H 2存储单元的氢气流，直到系统完全可持续，而不需要从H 2存储单元中添加H 2。

    Production of hydrogenated hydrocarbons
    16.
    发明授权
    Production of hydrogenated hydrocarbons 失效
    氢化烃的生产

    公开(公告)号：US4162959A

    公开(公告)日：1979-07-31

    申请号：US858294

    申请日：1977-12-07

    Applicant: Kandaswamy Duraiswamy

    Inventor： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy

    IPC: C10B49/20 ,  C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/06 ,  C10B49/16 ,  C10B53/06

    CPC classification number: C10G1/006 ,  C10B49/20 ,  C10G1/06

    Abstract: In a continuous process for recovery of values from a solid carbonaceous material, the carbonaceous material is pyrolyzed in the presence of a particulate source of heat to yield a particulate carbon containing residue of pyrolysis and volatilized hydrocarbons while simultaneously the volatilized hydrocarbons are hydrogenated. The particulate source of heat is formed by oxidizing carbon in the solid residue to heat the particles. Hydrogen for hydrogenation is obtained by reacting at least a portion of the hot particulate carbon containing residue of pyrolysis with steam prior to feeding the hot particulate residue to the pyrolysis reaction zone. Steam and/or carbon dioxide can be introduced into the pyrolysis reaction zone to interact with carbon containing residue contained therein. The particulate source of heat can be introduced to the pyrolysis reaction zone over an overflow weir.

    Abstract translation: 在用于从固体碳质材料回收值的连续方法中，碳质材料在颗粒热源存在下热解，得到含有热解和挥发烃的残留物的颗粒状碳氢化合物，同时挥发的烃被氢化。 颗粒热源通过氧化固体残余物中的碳以加热颗粒而形成。 氢化氢化是通过使至少一部分热含碳残余物的热解与蒸汽反应而获得的，然后将热的颗粒残余物送入热解反应区。 可以将蒸汽和/或二氧化碳引入热解反应区以与其中所含的含碳残渣相互作用。 颗粒热源可以通过溢流堰引入热解反应区。

    Multi-stage sulfur removal system and process for an auxiliary fuel system
    19.
    发明授权
    Multi-stage sulfur removal system and process for an auxiliary fuel system 有权
    多级除硫系统和辅助燃油系统的过程

    公开(公告)号：US07452404B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-11-18

    申请号：US11345980

    申请日：2006-02-01

    Applicant: Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Richard Root Woods

    Inventor： Kandaswamy Duraiswamy ,  Richard Root Woods

    IPC: B01D53/22 ,  B01D61/36

    CPC classification number: B01D61/362 ,  C10G31/11 ,  H01M8/0675

    Abstract: A process and system for separating a fuel stream containing a low concentration of sulfur compounds from a primary fuel stream is disclosed. The process includes isolating a stage-one permeate stream and a stage-one retentate stream from the primary fuel stream, evaporating the stage-one permeate stream at a vacuum, and isolating a stage-two permeate stream and a stage-two retentate stream from the stage-one permeate stream. The stage-two retentate stream is a fuel stream containing low concentrations of sulfur compounds. The system includes a fuel supply, a stage-one separator for separating a fuel stream into a stage-one permeate stream and a stage-one retentate stream, a stage-two separator, a first supply line connecting a portion of the fuel supply to the stage-one separator, and a second supply line connecting the stage-one separator permeate stream to the stage-two separator. The stage-two separator isolates the stage-one separator permeate stream into a stage-two permeate stream and a stage-two retentate stream.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种从初级燃料流中分离含有低浓度硫化合物的燃料流的方法和系统。 该方法包括从初级燃料流中分离一级渗透物流和一级滞留物流，在真空下蒸发一级渗透物流，并将第二级渗透物流和二级渗余物流从 一阶段渗透流。 二级滞留物流是含有低浓度硫化合物的燃料流。 该系统包括燃料供应器，用于将燃料流分离成一级渗透物流和一级渗流物流的一级分离器，二级分离器，连接燃料供应部分的第一供应管线 一级分离器和将一级分离器渗透物流连接到二级分离器的第二供应管线。 阶段二分离器将一级分离器渗透物流分离成二级渗透物流和二级渗余物流。

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