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公开(公告)号：US12074568B2
公开(公告)日：2024-08-27
申请号：US17941767
申请日：2022-09-09
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Abbas Komijani
CPC classification number: H03B5/1228 , H03B5/1243 , H03L7/0891 , H03L7/093
Abstract: Voltage-controlled oscillation circuitry includes multiple cores and multiple mode or gain boosters coupled between the multiple cores. To prevent an undesired operating mode of the voltage-controlled oscillation circuitry from dominating a desired operating mode (e.g., an in-phase operating mode or an out-of-phase operating mode), the mode boosters may increase a desired gain of the desired operating mode and decrease an undesired gain of the undesired operating modes. In particular, mode boosters coupled to terminals of the cores that are associated with the desired operating mode may be enabled, while mode boosters coupled to terminals of the cores that are associated with the undesired operating mode may be disabled.
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公开(公告)号：US11817823B2
公开(公告)日：2023-11-14
申请号：US17748904
申请日：2022-05-19
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Abbas Komijani
CPC classification number: H03B5/12 , H03L1/00 , H04B1/40 , H03B2200/009 , H03B2200/0092 , H03B2201/038
Abstract: To prevent an undesired operating mode of voltage-controlled oscillation (VCO) circuitry from dominating a desired operating mode (e.g., an in-phase operating mode or an out-of-phase operating mode), a supply reset and ramp pulse may be provided to the VCO circuitry when switching to a new mode, such that supply voltage to the VCO circuitry is reset (e.g., set to 0 V or another reference voltage), and gradually increased or ramped up back to a steady-state voltage (e.g., used to maintain a mode) within a time duration. Additionally or alternatively, a switch control bootstrap pulse may be provided to the VCO circuitry that is bootstrapped to (e.g., applied instantaneously or concurrently with) switching the VCO circuitry to the new mode. After a time duration, the VCO circuitry may switch back to a steady-state voltage (e.g., used to maintain the new mode).
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公开(公告)号：US11757407B2
公开(公告)日：2023-09-12
申请号：US17900714
申请日：2022-08-31
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Abbas Komijani , Hongrui Wang , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
CPC classification number: H03B5/1228 , H03B5/04 , H03B5/1212 , H03B5/1243 , H03B5/1265 , H03B5/1271 , H03L7/0891 , H03L7/097 , H03L7/099
Abstract: An electronic device may include a transceiver with mixer circuitry that up-converts or down-converts signals based on a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) signal. The transceiver circuitry may include first, second, third, and fourth VCOs. Each VCO may include a VCO core that receives a control voltage and an inductor coupled to the VCO core. Fixed linear capacitors may be coupled between the VCO cores. A switching network may be coupled between the VCOs. Control circuitry may place the VCO circuitry in one of four different operating modes and may switch between the operating modes to selectively control current direction in each of the inductors. The VCO circuitry may generate the VCO signal within a respective frequency range in each of the operating modes. The VCO circuitry may exhibit a relatively wide frequency range across all of the operating modes while introducing minimal phase noise to the system.
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公开(公告)号：US11735833B2
公开(公告)日：2023-08-22
申请号：US16585223
申请日：2019-09-27
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
CPC classification number: H01Q21/245 , G01S7/024 , H01Q3/26 , H01Q21/28 , H01Q25/001 , H04B7/10
Abstract: A transceiver circuit that includes multi-port antenna and transmitter and receiver circuit may transmit and receive polarized electromagnetic waves. The polarization of transmitted electromagnetic waves may be determined by adjusting gain and phase differences between multiple circuit paths in the transmitter circuit. In a similar fashion, the gain and phase of circuit paths in the receiver circuit may be adjusted to accommodate different polarizations of received electromagnetic waves.
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公开(公告)号：US11533036B2
公开(公告)日：2022-12-20
申请号：US17234027
申请日：2021-04-19
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak , Saihua Lin
Abstract: A radio frequency filtering circuitry includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a conductive loop. The first inductor receives a first current that induces a second current in the second inductor upon receiving the first current. The first inductor and/or the second inductor induce a third current in the conductive loop. The conductive loop adjusts the third current to reduce a first gain peak of an output signal to correlate to a second gain peak of the output signal.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US20210358677A1
公开(公告)日：2021-11-18
申请号：US15930084
申请日：2020-05-12
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Saihua Lin , Abbas Komijani , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
Abstract: Radio frequency filtering circuitry blocks certain frequencies in an outgoing signal so that the signal may be transmitted over a desired frequency. The radio frequency filtering circuitry includes a first inductor having a first coil and a second inductor coupled to and disposed within the first coil. The second inductor has a second coil and a third coil symmetrical to the second coil. When current is applied to the radio frequency filtering circuitry, the current in the second coil causes a first induced current in the first coil and the current in the third coil causes a second induced current in the first coil, wherein the second induced current is approximately equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the first induced current. As such, the second induced current may compensate for the first induced current.
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公开(公告)号：US10389358B1
公开(公告)日：2019-08-20
申请号：US16125133
申请日：2018-09-07
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
IPC: H04B1/44 , H03K19/0185 , H04B1/48
Abstract: A transmit-receive (T/R) switch is disclosed. An apparatus including a T/R switch includes a transceiver to transmit signals to an antenna and to receive signals from the antenna. The signals are conveyed to and from the transceiver by a T/R switch. The T/R switch includes a transmit path and a receive path. The receive path includes a three-port inductor having a first terminal coupled to an input/output (I/O) terminal of the T/R switch and a second terminal coupled to a first pass transistor, and a third terminal. A pull-down transistor is coupled between the third terminal and a ground node. When active, the pull-down transistor pulls the receive path down toward ground.
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公开(公告)号：US20250125810A1
公开(公告)日：2025-04-17
申请号：US18990415
申请日：2024-12-20
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Hongrui Wang , Abbas Komijani , Hideya Oshima , Reetika K Agarwal
Abstract: In a charge pump-based PLL circuit, charge pump output current variation may cause phase instability at an output of a VCO. The output current variation may be caused by low-frequency disturbances (e.g., tuning voltage (Vtune) drift with channel length modulation effect), disturbance in a gate bias voltage of a transistor, or a VDD transient. Such a low-frequency disturbance may occur during initial lock, which may affect phase settling time, or after lock, which may result in phase instability. A replica charge pump and a current filtering and compensation circuit may be implemented at the output of a main charge pump to provide error current compensation to suppress channel length modulation effect, improve phase stability, and reduce phase noise.
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公开(公告)号：US20250047241A1
公开(公告)日：2025-02-06
申请号：US18924876
申请日：2024-10-23
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Abbas Komijani , Hongrui Wang , Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
Abstract: An electronic device may include a transceiver with mixer circuitry that up-converts or down-converts signals based on a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) signal. The transceiver circuitry may include first, second, third, and fourth VCOs. Each VCO may include a VCO core that receives a control voltage and an inductor coupled to the VCO core. Fixed linear capacitors may be coupled between the VCO cores. A switching network may be coupled between the VCOs. Control circuitry may place the VCO circuitry in one of four different operating modes and may switch between the operating modes to selectively control current direction in each of the inductors. The VCO circuitry may generate the VCO signal within a respective frequency range in each of the operating modes. The VCO circuitry may exhibit a relatively wide frequency range across all of the operating modes while introducing minimal phase noise to the system.
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公开(公告)号：US20250030144A1
公开(公告)日：2025-01-23
申请号：US18356964
申请日：2023-07-21
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Tarek Khedr Abdalla Mealy , Abbas Komijani , Zhengan Yang , Reetika K. Agarwal , Hongrui Wang , Zhang Jin
Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a power combiner/divider with improved operating frequency range (e.g., bandwidth) compared to other power combiners/dividers. The power combiner/divider may include an isolation circuit including a first resonant circuit and a second resonant circuit coupled to terminals (e.g., input terminals, output terminals) of the power combiner/divider. The first resonant circuit may attenuate signals having frequencies in a first frequency range below an attenuation threshold between the terminals of the power combiner/divider. The second resonant circuit may attenuate signals having frequencies in a second frequency range below an attenuation threshold between the terminals of the power combiner/divider. Accordingly, the isolation circuit may improve isolation between multiple terminals of the power combiner/divider at a wider bandwidth compared to other power combiners/dividers based attenuating cross-talk between the terminal at the first frequency range and the second frequency range.
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