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    PROCESS TO MITIGATE GRAIN TEXTURE DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH RATES IN MIRROR-FINISH ANODIZED ALUMINUM
    11.
    发明申请
    PROCESS TO MITIGATE GRAIN TEXTURE DIFFERENTIAL GROWTH RATES IN MIRROR-FINISH ANODIZED ALUMINUM 审中-公开
    减少米色阳极氧化铝颗粒纹理差异生长速度的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20160289858A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-10-06

    申请号：US14678868

    申请日：2015-04-03

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： James A. Curran ,  William A. Counts ,  Sean R. Novak

    IPC: C25D11/10 ,  C25D11/08 ,  C25D11/16

    CPC classification number: C25D11/10 ,  C25D11/08 ,  C25D11/16 ,  C25D11/18 ,  H05K5/02

    Abstract: Anodizing processes for providing durable and defect-free anodic oxide films, well suited for anodizing highly reflective surfaces, are described. In some embodiments, the anodizing electrolyte has a sulfuric acid concentration substantially less than conventional type II anodizing. In some embodiments, the electrolyte includes a mixture of sulfuric acid and one or more organic acids. In further embodiments, sulfuric acid is a relatively minor additive to an organic acid, primarily serving to minimize discoloration. The processes enables porous, optically clear, and colorless anodic films to be grown in a manner similar to conventional Type II sulfuric acid anodizing, but at lower current densities and/or higher temperatures, without compromising film surface hardness. The thickness uniformity of the resulting anodic oxide films can be within 5% between grains of {111}, {110} and {100} surface orientations. Furthermore, the anodic oxide films have minimal incorporated sulfates, thereby avoiding certain cosmetic and structural defects.

    Abstract translation: 描述了用于提供耐用且无缺陷的阳极氧化膜的阳极氧化工艺，非常适用于阳极氧化高反射表面。 在一些实施方案中，阳极氧化电解质的硫酸浓度基本上低于常规II型阳极氧化。 在一些实施方案中，电解质包括硫酸和一种或多种有机酸的混合物。 在另外的实施方案中，硫酸是有机酸的相对较小的添加剂，主要用于使变色最小化。 这些方法使多孔，光学透明和无色的阳极膜以类似于常规II型硫酸阳极氧化的方式生长，但是在较低的电流密度和/或更高的温度下生长，而不损害膜的表面硬度。 所得阳极氧化膜的厚度均匀度可以在{111}，{110}和{100}表面取向的晶粒之间的5％以内。 此外，阳极氧化膜具有最小的引入的硫酸盐，从而避免了某些化妆品和结构缺陷。

    PROCESS TO MITIGATE SPALLATION OF ANODIC OXIDE COATINGS FROM HIGH STRENGTH SUBSTRATE ALLOYS
    12.
    发明申请
    PROCESS TO MITIGATE SPALLATION OF ANODIC OXIDE COATINGS FROM HIGH STRENGTH SUBSTRATE ALLOYS 有权
    从高强度基材合金减缓阳极氧化涂层的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20160060783A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-03-03

    申请号：US14474021

    申请日：2014-08-29

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： James A. Curran ,  Sean R. Novak

    IPC: C25D11/12 ,  C25D11/10 ,  H05K5/04 ,  C25D11/08

    CPC classification number: C25D11/12 ,  C25D11/04 ,  C25D11/08 ,  C25D11/10 ,  C25D11/24 ,  C25D11/243 ,  C25D11/246

    Abstract: Anodic oxide coatings and methods for forming anodic oxide coatings are disclosed. In some embodiments, the anodic oxide coatings are multilayered coatings that include at least two anodic oxide layers formed using two separate anodizing processes. The anodic oxide coating includes at least an adhesion-promoting or color-controlling anodic oxide layer adjacent the substrate. The adhesion-promoting anodic oxide layer is formed using an anodizing process that involves using an electrolyte that prevents formation of delaminating compounds at an interface between the adhesion-promoting anodic oxide layer and the substrate, thereby securing the anodic oxide coating to the substrate. In some cases, the electrolyte includes an organic acid, such as oxalic acid. The anodic oxide coating can also include a cosmetic anodic oxide layer having an exposed surface corresponding to an external surface of the anodic oxide coating. Cosmetic anodic oxide layers can be designed to have a desired appearance or tactile quality.

    Abstract translation: 公开了阳极氧化物涂层和形成阳极氧化物涂层的方法。 在一些实施例中，阳极氧化物涂层是包括使用两个单独的阳极氧化工艺形成的至少两个阳极氧化层的多层涂层。 阳极氧化物涂层至少包括邻近衬底的粘附促进或着色控制阳极氧化层。 使用阳极氧化工艺形成粘附促进阳极氧化层，该方法涉及使用防止在粘合促进阳极氧化层和基板之间的界面处形成分层化合物的电解质，由此将阳极氧化物涂层固定在基板上。 在一些情况下，电解质包括有机酸，例如草酸。 阳极氧化物涂层还可以包括具有对应于阳极氧化物涂层的外表面的暴露表面的化妆品阳极氧化层。 化妆品阳极氧化层可以设计成具有期望的外观或触觉质量。

    NON-AQUEOUS ALUMINUM ANODIZING
    15.
    发明申请
    NON-AQUEOUS ALUMINUM ANODIZING 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220410535A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-12-29

    申请号：US17654566

    申请日：2022-03-11

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： James A. Curran ,  Isabel Yang ,  Todd S. Mintz

    IPC: B32B15/20 ,  H04M1/02 ,  C25D11/04 ,  C25D11/08 ,  B32B7/12

    Abstract: A component for an electronic device can include a part including a first metal and a second metal diffusion bonded to the first metal. The first metal can be aluminum and the second metal can be different from the first metal. A porous aluminum oxide layer can overlie a portion of the first metal and can be disposed adjacent to an interface between the first metal and the second metal. The component can further include a non-metallic material bonded to the part and extending into pores defined by the porous aluminum oxide layer.

    Process for producing white anodic oxide finish
    19.
    发明授权
    Process for producing white anodic oxide finish 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10920333B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-02-16

    申请号：US15418235

    申请日：2017-01-27

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： James A. Curran ,  Daniel T. McDonald ,  Sean R. Novak

    IPC: C25D11/24 ,  C25D11/26 ,  C25D11/08 ,  C25D11/14 ,  C25D11/16

    Abstract: The embodiments described herein relate to treatments for anodic layers. The methods described can be used to impart a white appearance for an anodized substrate. The anodized substrate can include a metal substrate and a porous anodic layer derived from the metal substrate. The porous anodic layer can include pores defined by pore walls and fissures formed within the pore walls. The fissures can act as a light scattering medium to diffusely reflect visible light. In some embodiments, the method can include forming fissures within the pore walls of the porous anodic layer. In some embodiments, exposing the porous anodic layer to an etching solution can form fissures. The method further includes removing a top portion of the porous anodic layer while retaining a portion of the porous anodic layer.

    Process for enhanced corrosion protection of anodized aluminum
    20.
    发明授权
    Process for enhanced corrosion protection of anodized aluminum 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10174436B2

    公开(公告)日：2019-01-08

    申请号：US15092563

    申请日：2016-04-06

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： James A. Curran ,  William A. Counts ,  Aaron D. Paterson

    IPC: C25D11/18 ,  H05K5/04 ,  G06F1/16 ,  C25D11/20 ,  C25D11/12

    Abstract: Processes for enhancing the corrosion resistance of anodized substrates are disclosed. In some embodiments, the process involves a second anodizing operation that targets an area of the substrate that is left inadequately protected by a first anodizing operation, and also targets defects that may have been arisen from intermediate processing operations such as laser-marking operations. The second anodizing operation can be conducted in a non-pore-forming electrolyte, and grows a thick protective barrier film over inadequately protected areas of the substrate, such as laser-marking treated areas.

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