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    Electronic Devices with Sapphire-Coated Substrates
    11.
    发明申请
    Electronic Devices with Sapphire-Coated Substrates 有权
    带蓝宝石衬底的电子器件

    公开(公告)号：US20160248051A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-25

    申请号：US15042453

    申请日：2016-02-12

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Tingjun Xu ,  Xianwei Zhao ,  Wookyung Bae ,  Sunggu Kang ,  John Z. Zhong

    IPC: H01L51/56 ,  H01L27/32 ,  H01L51/52

    CPC classification number: H01L51/524 ,  C23C14/081 ,  C23C14/5813 ,  G02F1/133308 ,  G02F2001/133331

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that is protected by a transparent cover layer. The transparent cover layer may include a laser-annealed sapphire coating on the outer surface of a glass substrate or other transparent substrate. The sapphire coating may provide the display with a hard, scratch-resistant outer surface. The sapphire coating may be formed by coating a glass substrate with a thin film of amorphous aluminum oxide. The aluminum oxide thin film may be locally heated to transform the amorphous aluminum oxide into alpha-phase aluminum oxide (sapphire). Local heating may be achieved by laser annealing the aluminum oxide coating with a carbon dioxide laser. The laser may produce laser light having a wavelength that is absorbed in the aluminum oxide coating without being absorbed by the glass substrate so that the glass substrate is not damaged during the laser annealing process.

    Abstract translation: 电子设备可以具有由透明覆盖层保护的显示器。 透明覆盖层可以在玻璃基板或其他透明基板的外表面上包括激光退火的蓝宝石涂层。 蓝宝石涂层可以为显示器提供硬的耐划伤的外表面。 可以通过用无定形氧化铝薄膜涂覆玻璃基板来形成蓝宝石涂层。 可以局部加热氧化铝薄膜以将无定形氧化铝转变成α相氧化铝（蓝宝石）。 可以通过用二氧化碳激光器对氧化铝涂层进行激光退火来实现局部加热。 激光器可以产生具有在氧化铝涂层中吸收的波长的激光，而不被玻璃基板吸收，使得在激光退火过程中玻璃基板不被损坏。

    Controllable Aperture with Index-Matched Central Region for a Portable Electronic Device Imaging System
    12.
    发明申请
    Controllable Aperture with Index-Matched Central Region for a Portable Electronic Device Imaging System 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20230091326A1

    公开(公告)日：2023-03-23

    申请号：US17903861

    申请日：2022-09-06

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Erik J. Bjornard ,  Tingjun Xu

    IPC: G02F1/155 ,  G03B9/02 ,  G02F1/1335

    Abstract: An imaging system for a portable electronic device includes a variable aperture between a lens group and an image sensor. The variable aperture is defined by an electrochromic stack that defines a switching region and a central non-switching region. The non-switching region can be etched through the same material or set of materials defining the switching region and is backfilled with a dielectric transparent material having an index of refraction substantially equal to an average index of refraction of the layer(s) of the switching region of the electrochromic stack. This construction substantially reduces visible light absorption of the variable aperture.

    Electronic Devices With Skin Sensors
    13.
    发明申请
    Electronic Devices With Skin Sensors 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20220225006A1

    公开(公告)日：2022-07-14

    申请号：US17149552

    申请日：2021-01-14

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Nicholas P. Allec ,  Yuta Kuboyama ,  Xiaoyang Zhang ,  Xi Chen ,  Ryan M. Buck ,  Praveesh Chandran ,  Yifei Wang ,  Tingjun Xu

    IPC: H04R1/10 ,  G02B5/28 ,  A61B5/00

    Abstract: A wearable electronic device such as an earbud, wristwatch, or other device may be provided with a skin sensor. The skin sensor may use optical measurements to detect the presence of skin adjacent to the electronic device. The sensor may have first and second light-emitting devices such as infrared devices that emit light at respective first and second infrared light wavelengths. Reflected light is monitored by a photodetector. Control circuitry can initiate or pause audio playback or take other actions in response to determining from the reflected light measurements that skin is present. The sensor may have a thin-film interference filter or other optical structure that overlaps the first and second light-emitting devices to narrow the angular spread of light emitted from the skin sensor. This reduces tilt sensitivity and helps enhance skin sensor accuracy.

    Color Ambient Light Sensor With Tunable Filter
    16.
    发明申请
    Color Ambient Light Sensor With Tunable Filter 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20190317258A1

    公开(公告)日：2019-10-17

    申请号：US15953281

    申请日：2018-04-13

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Dong Zheng ,  Ove Lyngnes ,  Prashanth S. Holenarsipur ,  Serhan O. Isikman ,  Tianbo Sun ,  Tingjun Xu ,  Xianwei Zhao ,  Xingxing Cai

    IPC: G02B5/28 ,  G02B26/00 ,  G02B27/30 ,  G09G3/20 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/0216 ,  H01L31/103 ,  G01J3/51

    Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a color ambient light sensor. The color ambient light sensor may be used to measure an ambient light spectrum over a wavelength range of interest. Control circuitry in the electronic device can take actions based on the measured ambient light spectrum such as adjusting the brightness and color cast of content on a display. A display may have a display cover layer. The color ambient light sensor can be mounted under the display cover layer and may receive ambient light through the display cover layer. The color ambient light sensor may have a tunable wavelength filter such as an electrically adjustable Fabry-Perot resonator. A light collimator may be interposed between the display cover layer and the Fabry-Perot resonator to collimate ambient light that is passed to the Fabry-Perot resonator. A light detector measures the light passing through the Fabry-Perot resonator.

    Electronic devices with sapphire-coated substrates
    17.
    发明授权
    Electronic devices with sapphire-coated substrates 有权

    公开(公告)号：US09843014B2

    公开(公告)日：2017-12-12

    申请号：US15042453

    申请日：2016-02-12

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Tingjun Xu ,  Xianwei Zhao ,  Wookyung Bae ,  Sunggu Kang ,  John Z. Zhong

    IPC: B05D5/12 ,  H01L51/52 ,  C23C14/08 ,  C23C14/58 ,  G02F1/1333

    CPC classification number: H01L51/524 ,  C23C14/081 ,  C23C14/5813 ,  G02F1/133308 ,  G02F2001/133331

    Abstract: An electronic device may have a display that is protected by a transparent cover layer. The transparent cover layer may include a laser-annealed sapphire coating on the outer surface of a glass substrate or other transparent substrate. The sapphire coating may provide the display with a hard, scratch-resistant outer surface. The sapphire coating may be formed by coating a glass substrate with a thin film of amorphous aluminum oxide. The aluminum oxide thin film may be locally heated to transform the amorphous aluminum oxide into alpha-phase aluminum oxide (sapphire). Local heating may be achieved by laser annealing the aluminum oxide coating with a carbon dioxide laser. The laser may produce laser light having a wavelength that is absorbed in the aluminum oxide coating without being absorbed by the glass substrate so that the glass substrate is not damaged during the laser annealing process.

    Transparent Strain Sensors in an Electronic Device
    18.
    发明申请
    Transparent Strain Sensors in an Electronic Device 有权
    电子设备中的透明应变传感器

    公开(公告)号：US20170023420A1

    公开(公告)日：2017-01-26

    申请号：US14823910

    申请日：2015-08-11

    Applicant: Apple Inc.

    Inventor： Michael Vosgueritchian ,  John Stephen Smith ,  Sinan Filiz ,  James E. Pedder ,  Tingjun Xu ,  Xiaonan Wen

    IPC: G01L1/22

    CPC classification number: G01L1/225 ,  G01L1/22 ,  G01L1/2287 ,  G06F3/0414 ,  G06F3/045 ,  G06F3/0488

    Abstract: One or more strain sensors can be included in an electronic device. Each strain sensor includes a strain sensitive element and one or more strain signal lines connected directly to the strain sensitive element. The strain sensor(s) are used to detect a force that is applied to the electronic device, to a component in the electronic device, and/or to an input region or surface of the electronic device. A strain sensitive element is formed or processed to have a first gauge factor and the strain signal line(s) is formed or processed to have a different second gauge factor. Additionally or alternatively, a strain sensitive element is formed or processed to have a first conductance and the strain signal line(s) is formed or processed to have a different second conductance.

    Abstract translation: 电子设备中可以包括一个或多个应变传感器。 每个应变传感器包括应变敏感元件和直接连接到应变敏感元件的一个或多个应变信号线。 应变传感器用于检测施加到电子设备，电子设备中的部件和/或电子设备的输入区域或表面的力。 应变敏感元件被形成或加工成具有第一规格因子，并且应变信号线被形成或加工成具有不同的第二规格因子。 附加地或替代地，应变敏感元件被形成或加工成具有第一电导，并且应变信号线被形成或加工成具有不同的第二电导。

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