Abstract:
The present invention relates to a composite oxide comprising ceria, praseodymia and alumina, wherein the cerium:praseodymium molar ratio of the composite oxide is 84:16 or less, as well as to a method of preparing the composite oxide and to its use, in particular in a method of treating an exhaust gas stream.
Abstract:
Catalytic process for preparing an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, wherein an alkene and carbon dioxide are reacted in the presence of a carboxylation catalyst and in the presence of a specific aryloxide to obtain the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, the carboxylation catalyst being a transition metal complex. The process allows for efficient preparation of α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives from CO2 and an alkene.
Abstract:
A process for preparing a composite material comprising an electride compound and an additive, said process comprising (i) providing a composition comprising the additive and a precursor compound of the electride compound, wherein the precursor compound comprises an oxidic compound of the garnet group, and wherein the additive has a boiling temperature which is higher than the melting temperature of the precursor compound; (ii) heating the composition provided in (i) under plasma forming conditions in a gas atmosphere to a temperature above the Hüttig temperature of the precursor compound and below the boiling temperature of the additive, obtaining the composite material.
Abstract:
A process for preparing an electride compound, comprising (i) providing a precursor compound comprising an oxidic compound of the garnet group; (ii) heating the precursor provided in (i) under plasma forming conditions in a gas atmosphere to a temperature of the precursor above the Hüttig temperature of the precursor, obtaining the electride compound.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst comprising an intermetallic compound comprising following steps: (a) Dissolving a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, Ca, Sr, Ba, Eu and Yb in liquid ammonia, (b) Adding nanoparticles comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au and Ru or a halide of at least one of these metals and an inorganic salt to the solution obtained in step (a), (c) Removing the liquid ammonia, (d) Annealing the mixture of step (c) at a temperature in the range between 200° C. and the melting temperature of the intermetallic compound wherein the intermetallic compound is formed, (e) Washing the intermetallic compound achieved in step (d). The invention further relates to a catalyst obtained by the process.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst for the high-temperature processes (i) carbon dioxide hydrogenation, (ii) combined high-temperature carbon dioxide hydrogenation and reforming and/or (iii) reforming of hydrocarbon-comprising compounds and/or carbon dioxide and the use of the catalyst of the invention in the reforming and/or hydrogenation of hydrocarbons, preferably methane, and/or of carbon dioxide. To produce the catalyst, an aluminum source, which preferably comprises a water-soluble precursor source, is brought into contact with an yttrium-comprising metal salt solution, dried and calcined. The metal salt solution comprises, in addition to the yttrium species, at least one element from the group consisting of cobalt, copper, nickel, iron and zinc.
Abstract:
A process for preparing acrylic acid, comprising (i) providing a stream S4 comprising a formaldehyde source and acetic acid; (ii) contacting stream S4 with an aldol condensation catalyst comprising a zeolitic material comprising aluminum in the framework structure to obtain a stream S6 comprising acrylic acid, the framework structure of the zeolitic material in (ii) comprising YO2 and Al2O3, and Y being a tetravalent element; where the total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the zeolitic material in (ii), calculated as alkali metal oxide and alkaline earth metal oxide, is from 0% to 0.1% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the zeolitic material, and where the aldol condensation catalyst in (ii) comprises, outside the framework structure of the zeolitic material present therein, from 0% to 1% by weight of vanadium, based on vanadium as vanadium(V) oxide.
Abstract translation:一种制备丙烯酸的方法,包括(i)提供包含甲醛源和乙酸的料流S4; (ii)使流体S4与包含框架结构中包含铝的沸石材料的醛醇缩合催化剂接触以获得包含丙烯酸的流S6,(ii)中的沸石材料的框架结构包含YO 2和Al 2 O 3,Y是 四价元素 其中(ii)中的沸石材料中的碱金属和碱土金属的总含量以碱金属氧化物和碱土金属氧化物计算为0〜0.1重量%,基于每种情况下的总重量 沸石材料,并且其中(ii)中的醛醇缩合催化剂在其中存在的沸石材料的骨架结构外包含以钒为氧化钒(V)的钒为0至1重量%的钒。
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for carrying out a chemical reaction in a chemical reactor, in which at least one starting material, which is an organic chemical compound comprising 1 to 80 carbon atoms, is converted into at least one reaction product in a fluid phase in the presence of a film comprising solid catalyst particles, which catalyze said chemical reaction, and comprising an organic polymer in fibrillated form, wherein the mass fraction of the sum of the starting material and of the reaction product based on the total mass of the fluid phase is in the range from 0.01 to 1.
Abstract:
The invention relates to aprocess for producing a catalyst comprising an intermetallic com-pound comprisingmixing of a salt comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Auand Ru, a salt comprising a metal selected from the group consist-ing of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba,Sc, Y, La and the lanthanides, and a reducing agentcomprising a salt,wherein the mixing is carried out at a temperature where all compo-nents are solid; reacting the mixture obtained to form an intermetallic compound by heating said to a temperature in the range between the melting temperature of thereducing agent and the melting temperature of the intermetallic compound and holdingthe temperaturefor1 minute to 600 minutes; and washing the mixture to removeby-products andremainders of the salt of the cations of the reducing agent and at least one of the anions of the salts used in the first step. The invention further relates to a catalyst obtained by the process.
Abstract:
A catalyst for converting a synthesis gas, said catalyst comprising a first catalyst component and a second catalyst component, wherein the first catalyst component comprises, supported on a first porous oxidic substrate, Rh, Mn, an alkali metal M and Fe, and wherein the second catalyst component comprises, supported on a second porous oxidic support material, Cu and a transition metal other than Cu.