公开(公告)号：US4690620A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-01

申请号：US714225

申请日：1985-03-20

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B9/10 ,  F04B27/04

CPC classification number: F04B9/10 ,  Y10T137/2612

Abstract: A hydraulic arrangement has a housing which includes a first space of a definite first pressure and a second space with a lower second pressure. A primary pump supplies fluid under the first pressure into the first space to open the entrance ports into cylinders, which contain pistons therein, whereby the pistons are forced partially out of the cylinders and into the mentioned second space. In the second space the pistons are moved inwardly into the cylinders by an eccentric cam ring to supply a flow of fluid of a fourth pressure out of the outlet of the arrangement's housing. In modified embodiments the arrangement is a pressure transmission, which takes in a third pressure to drive a motor in the arrangement which in turn drives the shaft with the eccentric cam and the unit then exits the fourth pressure, which might be a very high pressure of up to more than ten thousand pounds per square inch. Still other embodiments show in several modifications a device to reciprocate or oscillate exterior linear or rotary motors either permanently or stepwise in predetermined cycles. Working actions of machines or vehicles can so be driven and controlled by the arrangement without additional control facilities, when so desired. A valve arrangement elects different pressures for different quantities of flow of fluid.

Abstract translation: 液压装置具有壳体，该壳体包括具有确定的第一压力的第一空间和具有较低的第二压力的第二空间。 初级泵将第一压力下的流体供应到第一空间中，以将进入口打开到其中包含活塞的气缸中，由此活塞被部分地从气缸中推出并进入所述第二空间。 在第二空间中，活塞通过偏心凸轮环向内移动到气缸中，以将第四压力的流体流从配置的壳体的出口提供出来。 在改进的实施例中，该布置是压力传递装置，其承受第三压力以驱动该装置中的电动机，该装置又随着偏心凸轮驱动轴，并且该装置然后离开第四压力，该第四压力可能是非常高的压力 每平方英寸超过一万磅。 其他实施例在几个修改中示出了在预定周期中永久地或逐步地往复运动或振荡外部线性或旋转电动机的装置。 如果需要，机器或车辆的工作动作可由该装置驱动和控制，而不需要附加的控制设备。 阀装置为不同数量的流体流量选择不同的压力。

公开(公告)号：US4635534A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-13

申请号：US603051

申请日：1984-04-23

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F01B13/06

CPC classification number: F01B1/0644

Abstract: In radial piston pumps and motors the dimensions of the rotor, pistons and piston shoes are optimized for best efficiency and power in a given size and weight. The efficiency and reliability of the piston shoes is improved by the provision of fluid pressure pockets in the outer face of the piston shoe which have cross-sectional areas exceeding the cross-sectional area of the piston whereon the piston shoe is pivotably borne. Welding of the outer face of the piston shoe is prevented and the devices are able to operate with higher pressures and rotary velocities.

Abstract translation: 在径向活塞泵和电机中，转子，活塞和活塞鞋的尺寸在给定尺寸和重量方面得到最佳效率和功率的优化。 活塞鞋的效率和可靠性通过在活塞靴的外表面上提供流体压力袋而提高，其中横截面面积超过活塞底座可活动地承载的活塞的横截面面积。 防止活塞靴的外表面的焊接，并且装置能够以更高的压力和旋转速度运行。

公开(公告)号：US4571157A

公开(公告)日：1986-02-18

申请号：US483977

申请日：1983-04-11

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C39/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  B64C11/38

CPC classification number: B64C39/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025

Abstract: A rotor having airfoil section shaped blades is set into a fluid stream. Over a connection or transmission means a propeller is connected to the rotor. The fluid stream whereinto the rotor is set gives airflow energy to the rotor and revolves the rotor. The propeller is driven by the rotor over the connection or transmission means. Since the propeller is revolved by the rotor in the fluid stream, the propeller provides a thrust. The thrust may be used to lift a weight or to drive a member. A suitable application of the arrangement is for example, to transform a multibladed helicopter into a gliding craft which descends under a gliding angle towards the surface of the earth, when the helicopter has a complete engine failure. Auto-rotation accidents can thereby become prevented. The device is also applicable to drive a vehicle or to lift a weight. Variable means can be applied to obtain variable thrusts in flying craft to improve their efficiencies or change from one flight system to another flight system. In other embodiments several novel concepts for air-borne craft are provided which include emergency landing devices, retractable and extendable or relation varifying devices for wings or propellers. Improvements are also proposed to engines and hydraulic devices to increase the power or efficiency, to lessen the weight per power output or to simplify the manufacturing and reduce the costs.

Abstract translation: 具有翼型截面形状的叶片的转子被设置成流体流。 在连接或传动装置上，螺旋桨连接到转子。 设置转子的流体流向转子提供气流能量并使转子旋转。 螺旋桨由转子通过连接或传动装置驱动。 由于螺旋桨由流体流中的转子旋转，螺旋桨提供推力。 该推力可用于提升重量或驱动一个构件。 例如，这种安排的合适应用是，当直升机完全发动机故障时，将多架直升机变换成滑翔机，滑翔工具在滑翔角下朝着地球表面下降。 从而可以防止自动转动事故。 该装置也适用于驾驶车辆或举重。 可以应用可变方式来获得飞行器中的可变推力，以提高其效率或从一个飞行系统改变到另一个飞行系统。 在其他实施例中，提供了几种用于空中飞行器的新概念，其包括用于机翼或螺旋桨的紧急着陆装置，可伸缩和可延伸的或关联的变速装置。 还提出了对发动机和液压装置的改进以提高功率或效率，减少每个功率输出的重量或简化制造并降低成本。

公开(公告)号：US4452127A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-05

申请号：US121356

申请日：1980-02-14

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/04 ,  F01B31/10

CPC classification number: F04B1/0408

Abstract: A cylindrical piston has a part-cylindrical outcut, which is slotted radially and contains a swingable pivot-member of at least part-cylindrical configuration borne in the outcut and pivoting therein under load. The mentioned outcut is formed partially around an axis which is normal to the longitudinal axis of the mentioned piston and extending through the longitudinal axis of the piston. A plurality of preferably part-annullarily formed grooves for the reception of pressure fluid are provided preferably in said pivot-member in order to lubricate bearing portions of said member between two adjacent grooves or recesses to assure a high pressure lubrication from both ends of the respective bearing portion. Efficiency and life time of said bearing portion is thereby increased and so is the bearing capability.

Abstract translation: 圆柱形活塞具有部分圆柱形的外切口，该部分圆柱形切口径向开槽，并且包含至少部分圆柱形构造的可摆动的枢转构件，承载在外切口中并在负载下枢转。 所提到的外切部分围绕垂直于所述活塞的纵向轴线并且延伸穿过活塞的纵向轴线的轴线形成。 优选地，在所述枢转构件中提供多个优选地部分地未形成的用于接收压力流体的凹槽，以便在两个相邻的凹槽或凹部之间润滑所述构件的轴承部分，以确保从相应的两个相邻的凹槽或凹部两端的高压润滑 轴承部分。 因此，所述轴承部的效率和寿命也随之增加，并且承载能力也增加。

公开(公告)号：US4348946A

公开(公告)日：1982-09-14

申请号：US95900

申请日：1979-11-19

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F01B1/06 ,  F04B1/04 ,  F01B13/06

CPC classification number: F01B1/0644 ,  F04B1/0408

Abstract: A radial-piston machine has a rotor formed with a plurality of each a piston carrying radial cylinders.Each such piston is formed on its radially outer end with a part-spherical seat and a part-spherical portion of a respective piston shoe that rides on an eccentric cam in the housing is engageable in each seat. Each such piston shoe may move radially into and out of engagement with the respective piston. A pair of end members axially flank the piston shoes to prevent their escape in axial-direction.The piston-engaging portions of the shoes are always engaged radially in said cylinders. The cylinders may have outer portions with a cross-slot extending parallel to the axis of the rotor through said cylinders. The pistons and shoes may embrace each other partially or be radially free of each other, so, that either the connected piston and piston shoe assembly moves radially between end elements associated to the rotor or the pistons and shoes move unconnected to each other radially between said end elements. The piston shoes may have one--two--or three--dimensional free play.

Abstract translation: 径向活塞机具有形成有多个各自具有承载径向气缸的活塞的转子。 每个这样的活塞在其径向外端部上形成有一个球形座，并且相应的活塞靴的部分球形部分可骑在壳体中的偏心凸轮上，该偏心凸轮可接合在每个座中。 每个这样的活塞靴可以径向地移动到与相应的活塞接合和脱离接合。 一对端部件在轴向方向上轴向移动以防止它们在轴向方向上的逸出。 鞋的活塞接合部分总是径向接合在所述气缸中。 气缸可以具有外部部分，其横截面通过所述气缸平行于转子的轴线延伸。 活塞和鞋子可以彼此部分地彼此包围或者彼此径向彼此相连，因此，连接的活塞和活塞靴组件在与转子或活塞之间的端部元件之间径向移动，并且鞋子在所述活塞和鞋之间径向彼此不连接 终端元素。 活塞鞋可能有一到二维或三维的自由发挥。

公开(公告)号：US4310203A

公开(公告)日：1982-01-12

申请号：US122926

申请日：1980-02-20

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04B1/20 ,  F16C21/00 ,  F16C32/06

CPC classification number: F16C21/00 ,  F04B1/20 ,  F16C39/04 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02F2200/04 ,  F05C2201/0448 ,  F05C2201/046

Abstract: In radial bearings of mechanical nature the life time id is limited. In hydrostatic bearings the lateral loads may over time or even quickly deform the bearing and make it less effective. The invention overcomes this problem by providing not a hydrostatic bearing, but mechanical bearings to revolvable members and a hydrostatic support member, which carries the major portion of the load. The hydrostatic support member is radially flexibly mounted in order to adapt itself for proper support of the mechanical bearings. The device is also very convenient for hydrostatic pumps and motors with radially expanding and contracting working chambers.

Abstract translation: 在机械性质的径向轴承中，寿命id有限。 在静压轴承中，横向载荷可能会随着时间的推移而变化，甚至使轴承变形迅速，使其不太有效。 本发明克服了这个问题，即不提供静压轴承，而是提供可旋转构件的机械轴承和承载负载的主要部分的静水支撑构件。 流体静力支撑构件径向地柔性地安装，以适应机械轴承的适当支撑。 该装置对于具有径向膨胀和收缩工作室的静液压泵和电动机也是非常方便的。

公开(公告)号：US4242775A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-06

申请号：US11242

申请日：1979-02-12

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F16B21/18 ,  B65D63/00 ,  F16B19/00

CPC classification number: F16B21/18 ,  Y10T24/14 ,  Y10T24/1408 ,  Y10T403/60

Abstract: A snap ring consists of four plane rings with a gap for the possibility of radially deforming said rings within the limits of flexibility of the material. Two rings are set as inner rings and two outer rings are set as outer rings axially of the inner rings whereby the rings are axially behind each other fastened relatively to each other around a common axis. However the gaps of the inner rings are showing in another direction than the gaps of the outer rings whereby the outer rings are radially closing the gaps of the inner rings and vice versa. One of the snaprings can be utilized as an outer snapring to hold a cylindrical part therein and another of the snaprings can be an inner snapring for holding itself or a part in a cylinder or bore.

Abstract translation: 卡环由具有间隙的四个平面环组成，以便在材料的柔性极限内使所述环径向变形。 两个环设置为内圈，两个外圈设置为内圈轴向的外圈，由此环彼此轴向相对地围绕公共轴线彼此紧固。 然而，内环的间隙显示在比外圈的间隙另外的方向上，由此外圈径向封闭内圈的间隙，反之亦然。 其中一个卡扣可用作外部卡扣，以将圆柱形部件保持在其中，另一个卡扣可以是用于保持其自身或部件在汽缸或孔中的内部卡扣。

公开(公告)号：US4213746A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-22

申请号：US859789

申请日：1977-12-08

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: F04C2/10 ,  F03C3/00 ,  F04C1/06 ,  F04C5/00 ,  F04C15/00

CPC classification number: F04C2/101

Abstract: A high pressure internal gear pump has an inner rotor with outer gear-type teeth inside of an outer rotor with inner gear type teeth. The outer rotor is eccentrically revolving relatively to the inner rotor, whereby the gear-teeth are meeting each other as known from the former art. A half-moon like part is provided between the inner and outer rotor as usual in such pumps. The invention provides slots for the reception of pressure in the part between the teeth or in the housing surrounding the outer rotor. The pressure in said slot or slots presses the neighboring portions against the inner- and/or outer rotor for more perfect seal at high pressure. In addition an axially adjusting thrust body may be provided to seal the ends of the rotors. The mentioned slots may have enlargements on suitable locations in order to make the adjacent sealing parts more flexible for suitable sealing engagement with the respective portions of the rotors. Rotors and separation member can float freely under balanced fluid pressure loads.

Abstract translation: 高压内齿轮泵具有内转子，其外齿轮型齿内部具有内齿轮齿。 外转子相对于内转子偏心旋转，由此齿轮齿彼此相见，如从前的技术中已知的那样。 在这样的泵中，像往常一样在内转子和外转子之间设置半月形部件。 本发明提供了用于接收在齿之间的部分或围绕外转子的壳体中的压力的​​槽。 所述槽或槽中的压力将相邻部分压靠在内转子和/或外转子上，以在高压下进行更完美的密封。 此外，可以设置轴向调节推力体以密封转子的端部。 所提到的槽可以在合适的位置上具有放大，以便使相邻的密封部分更加柔性，以适当地与转子的相应部分密封接合。 转子和分离件可在平衡流体压力负载下自由浮动。

公开(公告)号：US4173321A

公开(公告)日：1979-11-06

申请号：US801496

申请日：1977-05-26

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/04 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  F02B75/02 ,  B64C27/08

CPC classification number: B64C27/20 ,  B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02B2075/025

Abstract: A vehicle for traveling in the air and on the ground is equipped with two, four, or eight propellers on vertical shafts, each driven by a rotary hydraulic motor of the radial-piston type. The motor comprises two rotors which are connected in individual hydraulic circuits supplied with fluid from different hydraulic pumps. One embodiment of the vehicle comprises an automobile with the propellers mounted in oblique air ducts or in shrouds pivotable in the travel direction. Each rotor of the hydraulic motors is coupled to the shaft unidirectionally so that in case of failure, the shaft can be driven by the other rotor. Each hydraulic pump preferably produces four equal fluid flows and comprises two rotors on a common shaft, each rotor with two separate groups of cylinders, the eccentricity of at least one of the rotors being adjustable. Both the hydraulic motor and the pump have inlet and outlet connections on the radial periphery of the housing. In another design intended for operation under high pressure, the hydraulic pump producing four equal simultaneously adjustable or four individually adjustable flows comprises one rotor with four separate cylinder groups, fluid passages leading to both axial sides, and interposed pressure inserts which are urged into a sealing contact with the rotor by small fluid pressure chambers formed at the axial outside of the inserts.

Abstract translation: 在空中和地面上行驶的车辆在垂直轴上装备有两个，四个或八个螺旋桨，每个由径向活塞式旋转液压马达驱动。 马达包括两个转子，它们连接在单独的液压回路中，该液压回路供应不同液压泵的流体。 车辆的一个实施例包括具有安装在倾斜空气管道中的螺旋桨的汽车，或者在行进方向上可枢转的护罩。 液压马达的每个转子单向联接到轴上，使得在故障的情况下，轴可以由另一个转子驱动。 每个液压泵优选地产生四个相等的流体流，并且在公共轴上包括两个转子，每个转子具有两个分开的气缸组，至少一个转子的偏心度是可调节的。 液压马达和泵都具有在壳体的径向周边上的入口和出口连接。 在另一种旨在在高压下操作的设计中，产生四个等同的可调节或四个可单独调节的流量的液压泵包括具有四个独立气缸组的一个转子，通向两个轴向侧的流体通道和被推入密封件 通过形成在插入件的轴向外部的小流体压力室与转子接触。

公开(公告)号：US4136845A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-30

申请号：US760006

申请日：1977-01-17

Applicant: Karl Eickmann

Inventor： Karl Eickmann

IPC: B60F3/00 ,  B60F5/02 ,  B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/04 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C27/20 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64D35/00 ,  F02B75/02 ,  B64D27/00 ,  B64D29/00

CPC classification number: B64D35/00 ,  B64C11/28 ,  B64C27/12 ,  B64C29/00 ,  B64C29/0016 ,  B64D31/14 ,  B64C2700/6281 ,  F02B2075/025

Abstract: An aircraft body has a pair of hydraulic fluid-operated motors mounted on it, a pair of stream-creating devices driven by the motors and symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the body. One or more hydraulic fluid-flow producing devices has at least a pair of separate fluid-handling chambers each connected to one of a pair of separate outlets, and including arrangements for fluid-tight separation of the chambers and outlets, so that fluid from each chamber passes through only one of the outlets. A pair of displacement units is associated with the fluid-handling chambers, respectively, and an equally acting actuator arrangement cooperates equally with both of the two displacement units for maintaining equal movements of the two displacement units so that fluid flows in the outlets at proportionate and equal flow rates. A pair of delivery passages connects each of the outlets with a different one of the motors, respectively. A wing is attached to the body of the aircraft and includes at least one hollow space for the reception of a foldable propeller. The foldable propeller is attached to a hydraulic motor and driven by it. The hydraulic motor drives the propeller when the propeller is located outside of the hollow space and when the blades of the propeller are extended normal to the axis of the hydraulic motor. The blades of the propeller can be swung into a position about parallel to the axis of the hydraulic motor and the motor and propeller can then be retracted into the hollow space in the wing for rest.

Abstract translation: 飞机机体上安装有一对液压流体动力马达，一对由马达驱动的流动产生装置，并对称地布置在主体的相对侧上。 一个或多个液压流体产生装置具有至少一对单独的流体处理室，每个连接到一对独立出口中的一个，并且包括用于流体密封地分离室和出口的装置，使得来自每个 室仅通过一个出口。 一对位移单元分别与流体处理室相关联，并且等作用的致动器装置与两个位移单元两者均匀地配合，用于维持两个位移单元的相等运动，使得流体在出口中成比例地流动 流量相等。 一对输送通道将每个出口分别与不同的一个马达连接。 机翼连接到飞机的主体，并且包括至少一个用于接收可折叠螺旋桨的中空空间。 可折叠螺旋桨连接到液压马达并由其驱动。 当螺旋桨位于中空空间的外侧时，当螺旋桨的叶片垂直于液压马达的轴线延伸时，液压马达驱动螺旋桨。 螺旋桨的叶片可以摆动到与液压马达的轴线平行的位置，马达和螺旋桨然后可以缩回到机翼中的中空空间中用于休息。