A WIDE-SENSE WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXED (WDM) CROSS-CONNECT DEVICE

    公开(公告)号:CA2367939C

    公开(公告)日:2006-06-06

    申请号:CA2367939

    申请日:2002-01-16

    Abstract: The present invention provides a wide-sense, non-blocking WDM cross-conne ct that utilizes a relatively small number of wavelength interchangers. The cro ss- connect of the present invention comprises first, second and third fabrics and one o r more wavelength interchangers that interconnect the first and second fabrics. Demands that require a change in wavelength are routed through the first fabric, through one or more of the wavelength interchangers, and through the second fabric. Demands that do not require a change in wavelength are only routed through the third fabric. A routing algorithm is utilized to ensure that any sequence of connection requests and withdrawals can be routed without disturbing any currently routed requests.

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EXCHANGING ROUTING INFORMATION IN APACKET-BASED DATA NETWORK

    公开(公告)号:CA2324837A1

    公开(公告)日:2001-06-01

    申请号:CA2324837

    申请日:2000-10-30

    Abstract: Routing information is exchanged between edge routers in different autonomous systems that independently define their routing policies. A Simpl e Path Vector Protocol extends the prior art Border Gateway Protocol in a manner that is guaranteed to converge by adding a new attribute to the routi ng messages sent by an edge router to its peers in the different systems. This attribute is a path history, which is dynamically computed at each router as the routing path to a particular destination is changed. The path history attribute is sent in a routing message by a router to its peers together with the sending router's path to that destination. By observing the dynamic path history tha t is computed at a router as a received routing message from a peer router that contains a history attribute is processed, a cycle can be identified in the newly computed history and associated with a policy conflict at that receiving router's associated autonomous system. A path whose history contains a cycle is automatically suppressed as a permitted path to that destination.

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VERIFYING STATIC SIGNATURES USING DYNAMIC INFORMATION

    公开(公告)号:CA2225130C

    公开(公告)日:2001-05-29

    申请号:CA2225130

    申请日:1997-12-18

    Abstract: In a process of signature verification, an off-line test signature is compared to one or more on-line reference signatures. Dynamic data obtained fromthe reference signature or signatures may be used to improve the thinning of the test signature. Such data may also be used for segmenting the test signature and sequencing the resulting strokes. In some embodiments, the invention include s evaluating a dynamic error, based at least in part on such sequencing of the test signature. In some further embodiments, the invention includes producing a rendering of at least one on-line reference signature as a two-dimensional i mage, and evaluating a static error based, at least in part, on shape-matching between therendered image and the test signature.

    A STRICTLY NON-BLOCKING WAVELENGTH DIVISION MULTIPLEXED (WDM) CROSS-CONNECT DEVICE FOR USE IN A NETWORK

    公开(公告)号:CA2327904A1

    公开(公告)日:2001-06-23

    申请号:CA2327904

    申请日:2000-12-08

    Abstract: The present invention provides a strictly non-blocking WDM cross-connect th at utilizes a relatively small number of wavelength interchangers. In accordanc e with one embodiment, the WDM cross-connect utilizes n1k1 wavelength interchangers, where n1 is an integer equal to the number of wavelengths carried on an input optical fiber associated with the WDM cross-connect and k1 is the total number of input optical fibers to the WDM cross-connect. Each of the wavelength interchangers is connected to exactly one input port of the fabric and each input port of the fabric is connected to exactly one wavelength interchanges. The input optical fibers of the WDM cro ss- connect are connected to k1 optical switches of the cross-connect that separate out the n1 wavelengths onto n1 optical fibers, which are input to respective wavelength interchangers. Therefore, each wavelength interchanges receives exactly n1 optical fibers. The fabric has output ports that are connected to k2 output optical fibers, where k2 is an integer equal to the number of output optical fibers that are connected to the output ports of the fabric. In accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, the WDM cross-connect comprises two fabrics and one or more wavelength interchangers that interconnect the fabrics. The cross-connect in accordance with this embodiment can be rendered strictly non-blocking by utilizing a number of wavelength interchangers equal to (k1 + k2) - 1, where k1 and k2 correspond to the numb er of input and output optical fibers, respectively, of the WDM cross-connect. In accordance with both of these embodiments, the number of input and output optical fibers of the strictly non-blocking WDM cross-connect can be unequal.

    15.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号:DE69800009D1

    公开(公告)日:1999-08-19

    申请号:DE69800009

    申请日:1998-02-03

    Abstract: In a process of signature verification, an off-line test signature is compared to one or more on-line reference signatures. Dynamic data obtained from the reference signature or signatures may be used to improve the thinning of the test signature. Such data may also be used for segmenting the test signature and sequencing the resulting strokes. In some embodiments, the invention includes evaluating a dynamic error, based at least in part on such sequencing of the test signature. In some further embodiments, the invention includes producing a rendering of at least one on-line reference signature as a two-dimensional image, and evaluating a static error based, at least in part, on shape-matching between the rendered image and the test signature.

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