Abstract:
Secondary amine salts of oil-soluble thio-bis-(C.sub.12-50 alkyl lactone acid), e.g. a di-tallow secondary amine bis salt of thio-bis (C.sub.22 lactone carboxylic acid), are useful in combination with a coadditive hydrocarbon such as an amorphous hydrocarbon or a hydrogenated polybutadiene in improving the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.
Abstract:
A wax-containing middle distillate, such as diesel fuel, having improved low temperature flow properties comprises three or more components including (A) an oil-soluble ethylene backbone flow improving polymer such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, (B) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of a carboxylic acid or anhydride such as phthalic anhydride salts, and (C) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of a derivative of benzoic acid such as the dihydrogenerated tallow amine salt of an alkyl substituted dithiobenzoic acid.
Abstract:
The presence of a minor amount of certain quaternary ammonium hydroxides in an engine lubricating oil has been found to be effective in reducing and controlling combustion chamber deposits and octane requirement increase in spark ignition internal combustion engines and in reducing oil consumption in diesel engines.
Abstract:
A colorimetric method for detecting the presence of alcohol in hydrocarbons, such as gasoline, is disclosed. The method comprises contacting the hydrocarbon with a mixture comprising:i. an alcohol soluble, hydrocarbon insoluble dye; andii. a solid insoluble in hydrocarbon and alcohol whereby the mixture undergoes a color change in the presence of alcohol.The hydrocarbon sample preferably is contacted with a drying agent to remove dissolved water prior to contacting the mixture.
Abstract:
The low temperature filterability of a petroleum middle distillate fuel, such as a heating oil or a diesel fuel is improved by adding to the fuel a synergistic combination of an N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl succinamic acid or derivative thereof with a dimer of an alpha olefin, with a polymer of such dimer, or with an alkylated aromatic compound such as an alkylated diphenyl or an alkylated diphenyl ether. The olefin dimers are of alpha olefins of from 16 to 40 carbon atoms. The alkyl groups on the alkylated aromatics are derived from C.sub.16 -C.sub.50 olefins or from dimers of C.sub.16 -C.sub.40 alpha-olefins. This invention is particularly advantageous in improviing the flow of a diesel fuel through a fine filter at low temperatures.
Abstract:
Undesirable haze that occurs in a distillate fuel, such as a diesel fuel, a jet fuel or a heating oil, as a result of emulsion formation with slight traces of water, is removed from the fuel by adding to and simply mixing with the fuel a small amount of an inorganic halide or nitrate of calcium, magnesium, cadmium, copper or nickel dissolved in a water-miscible, fuel-immiscible aliphatic monohydric or polyhydric alcohol or glycol ether.
Abstract:
A wax-containing middle distillate, such as diesel fuel, having improved low temperature flow properties comprises three or more components including (A) an oil-soluble ethylene backbone flow improving polymer such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, (B) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of a carboxylic acid or anhydride such as phthalic anhydride salts, and (C) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt of a derivative of phosphoric acid such as the dihydrogenated tallow amine salt of dialkyldithiophosphoric acid.
Abstract:
A lubricating oil composition having improved antiwear, antioxidation, and extreme pressure performance comprises a lubricating oil and a long chain hydrocarbyl amine, such as tallow amine, salt or amide of a derivative of benzoic acid or dithiobenzoic acid such as 4-hydroxy-3, 5-di-tert-butyldithiobenzoic acid.
Abstract:
Zirconium salts of carboxylic acids as additives in residual fuel oil to reduce particulate emission. The additives are especially effective in decreasing particulate emission in the combustion of No. 6 fuel oil, to aid in meeting current particulate emission standards.
Abstract:
Amine salts, amic acids, amic acid amine salts bis-amides and imides of oil-soluble thio-bis-(C.sub.12-50 alkyl lactone acid), e.g. a secondary hydrogenated tallow amide of dithio-bis-(C.sub.16 -C.sub.24 alkyl lactone carboxylic acid), are useful in combination with a coadditive hydrocarbon such as an amorphous hydrocarbon or a hydrogenated polybutadiene in improving the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.