Abstract:
The invention relates to a steel cord (30) comprising cylindrical layers, said cord including: an inner layer (C1) formed by M wires, an intermediate layer (C2) formed by N wires helically wound around the inner layer (C1), and an outer layer (C3) formed by P wires helically wound around the intermediate layer (C2), in which the inter-wire distance D2 of the wires of the intermediate layer (C2) is greater than or equal to 25 µm and the inter-wire distance D3 of the wires of the outer layer (C3) is greater than or equal to 25 µm.
Abstract:
The present invention pertains to a UHMWPE film having a tensile strength of at least 2.0 GPa, a tensile energy to break of at least 30 J/g, an Mw of at least 500 000 gram/mole, and a Mw/Mn ratio of at most 6. The film may be manufactured via a process which comprises subjecting a starting UHMWPE with a weight average molecular weight of at least 500 000 gram/mole, an elastic shear modulus determined directly after melting at 160°C of at most 0.9 MPa, and a Mw/Mn ratio of at most 6 to a compacting step and a stretching step under such conditions that at no point during the processing of the polymer its temperature is raised to a value above its melting point. The film may be used as starting material in any applications where high tensile strength and high energy to break are important. Suitable applications include ballistic applications, ropes, cables, nets, fabrics, and protective applications.
Abstract:
A rope comprising polyethylene elongate elements oriented in the length direction of the rope wherein for at least part of the elongate elements the distance of the element to a central longitudinal rope axis varies over the length of the rope, the polyethylene elongate elements comprising tapes of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the tapes having a width to thickness ratio of at least 10 and a polymer solvent content below 0.05 wt.%. The distance of at least part of the elements to the central longitudinal rope axis varies over the length of the rope between a longitudinal line which is at most 30% from the outside of the rope and a longitudinal line which is at most 30% from the central longitudinal axis of the rope. A rope with these properties, shows a high strength-strength ratio, defined as the ratio between the strength under use conditions and the fresh strength of the rope. A strength-strength ratio of at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, in particular at least 80% can be achieved.
Abstract:
The abrasion resistance of organic fiber based ropes and cords is increased by a outer woven cover of tapes of high molecular weight and more preferably ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene.
Abstract:
A pneumatic tyre comprises a belt (7) disposed radially outside a carcass (6) in a tread portion (2), the belt (7) comprising two crossed plies (7A,7B) of monofilament metallic cords (10A,10B,10C) laid at angles of from 15 to 30 degrees with respect to the circumferential direction of the tyre, each monofilament cord being composed of a waved single filament, the filament having a non-circular sectional shape having an aspect ratio in a range of from 0.65 to 0.95 and a cross-sectional area in a range of 0.09 to 0.20 sq.mm.
Abstract:
In a composite of a vulcanizable rubber or rubber-like composition with one or more metal reinforcement elements embedded therein, the metal reinforcement element is coated with a polymer or non-cured rubber composition compatible with and co-polymerizable, co-vulcanizable or crosslinkable with said vulcanizable rubber composition to be reinforced, and additionally bearing functional groups either covalently bonding to the metal surface of said reinforcement element or forming covalent bonds with the outward directed first functional groups of a mono- or multimolecular layer of a bifunctional adhesion promotor intercalated between said metal and said coating and bound to said metal by its second functional groups. A cured rubber or rubber-like product, for instance a pneumatic tire, is obtained by vulcanization of such a composite.
Abstract:
A steel cord (114) for the reinforcement of rubber products comprises strength elements (100, 132) and has length, a longitudinal central axis (112) and a cord pitch. Each of the elements (100) has a projection on a plane YZ perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis (112). At least one of these projections takes the form of a curve with a radius of curvature which alternates between a maximum and minimum. The curve further has a center of curvature. The radius of curvature and the center of curvature lie inside the curve so that a convex curve is obtained. The cord (114) is further characterized by one or both of the following features: (i) the distance between two minimum radii of curvature of said curve measured along the longitudinal central axis (112) is different from half the cord pitch; or (ii) if all of said elements (100) provide a convex curve, at least one of said convex curves substantially differs from another convex curve. The steel cord (114) allows full rubber penetration despite low values of cord diameter and part load elongation (PLE).