Abstract:
Products exhibiting reduced water activity are disclosed comprising a derived protein-containing composition preferably codried with starch and particularly a deproteinized mineral-containing whey byproduct and starch, preferably a thin boiling modified starch. The products are effective as humectants in foods, particularly intermediate moisture foods.
Abstract:
A process for reacting a mixture of branched and linear alcohols with a caustic, optionally in the presence of a catalyst, to produce a reaction mixture containing carboxylic acid salts, and to liberate hydrogen comprises introducing into the reaction mixture at about a time when a significant evolution of hydrogen from the mixture begins to occur, an effective amount of an inert diluent for the reaction mixture. The effective amount is sufficient to maintain the fluidity of the reaction mixture. A preferred diluent is mineral oil. By operating in this way the tendency of the reaction mixture to foam and solidify is reduced, thus permitting the reaction to proceed to completion and permitting the easy removal of the reaction mixture from the reaction zone. The production of a branched and linear mixture of carboxylic acid salts which substantially corresponds to the branched and linear mixture of alcohols reacted is also ensured.
Abstract:
A novel aqueous flowable concentrate of the herbicide 2-(α-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethyl propionamide is disclosed, displaying superior storage stability and dispersion and handling characteristics. The concentrate consists essentially of, by weight of the total concentrate:
(a) from 10 to 60% of 2-(a-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethyl propionamide; (b) from 0.1 to 2.0% of a smectite clay; (c) from 1.0 to 10.0% of a water-soluble nonionic surfactant; (d) from 0.5 to 5.0% of a water-soluble dispersant; and (e) from 1.0 to 20.0% of a water-soluble freezing point depressant; the balance being water; the solid components have an average particle size of from about 5 to about 15 microns. The invention also relates to a method of controlling undesirable vegetation by using said concentrate.
Abstract:
A thiophenol is produced by a process which consists in reacting hydrogen sulfide and a source of hydrogen with a halogenated aromatic compound. The total conversion of the reaction is improved by increasing the reaction temperature as the total conversion decreases optionally independently of the presence of hydrogen. The process produces high yields of thiophenol with low quantities of byproduct aromatic thioethers, particularly diphenyl disulfide.
Abstract:
A thiophenol is produced by a process which consists in reacting hydrogen sulfide and a source of hydrogen with a halogenated aromatic compound. The total conversion of the reaction is improved by increasing the reaction temperature as the total conversion decreases optionally independently of the presence of hydrogen. The process produces high yields of thiophenol with low quantities of byproduct aromatic thioethers, particularly diphenyl disulfide.
Abstract:
Polymer product, such as a polyester resin, is recovered in finely divided form from a polymer product/solvent solution by the addition of the solution to a hot, non-boiling water phase with non-shearing agitation of the resulting composition of the water, polymer product, and solvent under conditions which give rise to turbulence in the composition. The solvent, which has a lower boiling point than the temperature at which the hot water is maintained, boils off from the polymer product, solvent, and water composition and leaves the desired, finely divided, polymer product admixed in the water phase. The product can be recovered by filtration or other suitable separation technique.
Abstract:
Film forming compositions are disclosed which can be utilized to make vapor barrier films having low water vapor transmission, good flame retardancy and low smoke generation characteristics. The compositions contain an internally plasticized vinyl chloride copolymer resin as a major polymer component, rather than an externally plasticized vinyl chloride polymer, or a blend of a vinyl chloride polymer and chlorinated polyethylene.
Abstract:
"Pyrazole phosphates and phosphonates, preparation thereof and use thereof as insecticides". A compound corresponding to the following general formula: wherein
X represents oxygen or sulphur; R represents C 1 -C 6 alkyl or C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; R 1 represents C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; R 2 represents hydrogen or methyl; and R 3 represents hydrogen, methyl or phenyl; is disclosed.
Such a compound may be prepared by reacting an appropriate pyrazole with an appropriate phosphoric or phosphonic acid. The present invention also relates to an insecticidal composition comprising such a compound and an agronomically acceptable carrier or diluent, and to a method of controlling insects comprising applying such a compound or such a composition to the insects and/or to the habitats thereof and or to the feedstuffs thereof.
Abstract:
Benzene phosphonic dihalide is produced by oxygenation of phenyl phosphonous dihalide according to the following reaction: wherein X is Cl or Br. The reaction is conducted at a temperature from about 0°C to about 200°C. Charcoal is added to the reaction mixture when impure phenyl phosphonous dihalide is used as a starting material. The product has high purity and is stable at high temperatures. It can be used as an intermediate to prepare flame retardants, insecticides, pesticides and plasticisers.