Abstract:
The present invention discloses a monochromator comprising: - an entrance aperture, - a collimator, intended to produce, from a light source, a collimated input light (5), - a grating comprising a plurality of non-overlapping parallel reflective flat surfaces (4a) juxtaposed along an axis x, and spaced in the direction of the normal to the flat surfaces (4a) by a distance d 1 , the distance d 1 being the same for the whole grating and being tunable and the grating being arranged to diffract the collimated input light (5), and - an exit aperture. The collimator is arranged in order the collimated input light (5) to be parallel to a plan P, the plan P being perpendicular to axis x. The collimator is also arranged in order that the angle α between the collimated input light (5) and the normal to the reflective flat surfaces (4a) is different from 0°.
Abstract:
Alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d are formed on the flat plane 11a of the peripheral edge portion 11 formed integrally with the diffracting layer 8, and when the lens portion 7 is mounted onto the substrate 2, these alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are positioned to the substrate 2, thereby making exact alignment of the diffracting layer 8 with respect to the light detecting portion 4a of the light detecting element 4, for example, not by depending on a difference in curvature radius of the lens portion 7. In particular, the alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are formed on the flat plane 11a, thereby image recognition is given to exactly detect positions of the alignment marks 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d, thus making it possible to make exact alignment.
Abstract:
An optical instrument using a plurality of lasers (85, 87, 89, 91) of different colors with parallel, closely spaced beams (95, 97, 99, 101) to stimulate scattering and fluorescence from fluorescent biological particulate matter, including cells and large molecules. A large numerical aperture objective lens (111) collects fluorescent light (133, 135, 137, 139) while maintaining spatial separation of light stimulated by the different sources. The collected light is imaged into a plurality of fibers (123, 125, 127, 129) , one fiber associated with each optical source (95, 97, 99, 101) , which conducts light to a plurality of arrays of detectors (124, 126, 128, 130, 301, 303, 305) , with each array associated with light from one of the fibers (123, 125, 127, 129) and one of the lasers (95, 97, 99, 101) .A detector array (301, 303, 305) has up to ten detectors (160, 170, 180, 159, 169, 179, 189) arranged to separate and measure colors within relatively narrow bands by decimation of light arriving in a fiber (123) .A large number of detectors is mounted in a compact polygonal arrangement by using reflective transfer legs from multiple beam splitters (151, 161, 171, 181, 191, 201) where the transfer legs arise from a polygonal arrangement of beam splitters.
Abstract:
An accessory for a spectrometer for carrying out measurements of specular reflectance of a sample. The accessory is designed so that all components can be located in a housing and the sample can be located horizontally on a top-plate of the housing with the components disposed below the plane of that plate. The radiation can be arranged to be incident at a number of different angles on the sample and it can also be arranged that the radiation is directed to the detector without being incident on the sample.
Abstract:
This invention provides an analyzer for judging whether or not a tangible component is present in a sample in a preparation, and analyzing, if a tangible component is present, the tangible component with efficiency and high accuracy. For this purpose, an analyzer (100) of the present invention analyzes a tangible component in a sample (23) held by a preparation (20). The analyzer (100) checks whether or not a tangible component is present in the sample (23) by extensively observing an area in a certain visual field in which area the tangible component is assumed to be present. If the tangible component is judged to be present, the analyzer (100) analyzes the tangible component. Then, another visual field is selected, and another analysis is started therein so as to analyze only in the vicinity of the area where the tangible component was judged to be present. The analyzer (100) can determine whether or not a tangible component is present, and can analyze the tangible component with efficiency and high accuracy.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a spectrometer arrangement (10) comprising a spectrometer (14) for producing a spectrum of a first wavelength range of radiation from a radiation source on a detector (42). Said arrangement also comprises: an Echelle grating (36) for the spectral decomposition of the radiation penetrating the spectrometer arrangement (10) in a main dispersion direction (46); a dispersing element (34) for separating the degrees by means of spectral decomposition of the radiation in a transversal dispersion direction (48) which forms an angle with the main dispersion direction of the Echelle grating (36), in such a way that a two-dimensional spectrum (50) can be produced with a plurality of separated degrees (52); an imaging optical element (24, 38) for imaging the radiation penetrating through an inlet gap (20) into the spectrometer arrangement (10), in an image plane (40); and a surface detector (42) comprising a two-dimensional arrangement of a plurality of detector elements in the image plane (40). The inventive arrangement is characterised in that another spectrometer (12) comprising at least one other dispersing element (64) and another imaging optical element (60, 66) is provided in order to produce a spectrum (68) of a second wavelength range of radiation, which is different from the first wavelength range, from a radiation source on the same detector (42). The spectra can be spatially or temporally separated on the detector.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an autofocus mechanism for a spectroscopic system (400) that is adapted to determine a property of a volume of interest. The volume of interest has an optical property that varies with time. The invention provides measurement means that are adapted to measure the fluctuations of the optical property of the volume of interest for determining the position (428) of the volume of interest. The spectroscopic system being further adapted to focus an excitation beam (418) into the determined volume of interest and for collecting return radiation (420) emanating from the volume of interest for spectroscopic analysis. Preferably, inelastically scattered radiation of an excitation beam (428) is separated from elastically scattered radiation for spectroscopic analysis. The elastically scattered radiation of the excitation beam is in turn exploited in order to measure the fluctuations of the optical property of the volume of interest. Making use of a control loop allows for maximization of the amplitude and/or intensity of the fluctuation inherently specifying the position of a volume of interest e.g. the center of a capillary vessel (450).
Abstract:
A fluorescence imaging system includes a light source, preferably a pulsated laser (1), which irradiates an object, optionally via further optical components (2, 3, 5), so as to induce fluorescence radiation in the object. This radiation images the object on a detector plane (11). In accordance with the invention there is provided a beam-splitting system (6), such that the fluorescent object is reproduced in the form of at least three, and preferably four separate and mutually adjacent images. A selected filter is placed in each of the paths of these partial light beams. The detector plane has a plurality of image-point detectors each of which produces a respective electric signal, so that there is obtained for each image point at least three, and preferably four intensity signals recorded for a respective frequency band determined by respective filters. These signals are processed mathematically to provide a weighted signal value, which may be dimensionless. These weighted image-point values are reproduced, for example on a video-monitor (13), which makes possible fluorescence reproduction rich in contrast and free from disturbances with respect to spectral signatures. One example of the use to which the invention can be put is the detection of cancer cells to which a fluorescence signature has been imparted with the aid of HPD.
Abstract:
An infrared microscopic spectrometer is composed of a collecting element portion (A), a focusing-into-an image portion (B) and of a transferring mechanism (14) for shifting one of said portions (A, B) toward each other in a direction meeting at right angels with an optical axis. The collecting element portion (A) contains a light source (1) and a condenser mirror (2) whereas the focusing-into-an image element portion (B) contains an object mirror (4) and a spectrometrical measurement system (5). An ATR crystal is to be positioned between the portions (A) and (B) so as to carry out the ATR analysis.