Abstract:
A process for removing water from a reactive monomer, such as an acrolein, wherein the reactive monomer, which is prone to polymerize under certain process conditions, remains substantially unreactive under process conditions of a hot gas pressure swing adsorption unit. The removal of water is advantageously accomplished without the use of any other solvents. Also, by allowing the reactive monomer such as acrolein to be recycled in the vapor phase, the addition of inhibitor and equipment for condensation of a reactive monomer, such as acrolein, is eliminated. The maintenance of a vapor phase reactive monomer such as an acrolein stream improves the operability of this process.
Abstract:
Improved apparatus and methods for non-invasively assessing one or more hemodynamic parameters associated with the circulatory system of a living organism. In one aspect, the invention comprises apparatus adapted to accurately place and maintain a sensor (e.g., tonometric pressure sensor) with respect to the anatomy of the subject, including an alignment apparatus which is separable from an adjustable fixture. The apparatus moveably captures the sensor to, inter alia, facilitate coupling thereof to an actuator used to position the sensor during measurements. In a second aspect, improved sensor apparatus is disclosed adapted to minimize the effects of shear during sensor movement and monitoring as well as maximize the lateral and proximal search area available to the sensor within the apparatus. Methods for positioning the alignment apparatus and sensor are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method to measure compliance with a pharmaceutical regimen, by the steps of: (a) ingesting a dose of a medication into the gastrointestinal tract of a person, the dose of medication comprising a drug formulation and a permanent magnet; (b) as a result of the ingestion of step (a), detecting passage of the permanent magnet past at least two magnetic field sensors positioned apart from each other and adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract; and (c) measuring compliance with the pharmaceutical regimen by way of the detection of step (b). And, apparatus useful to measure compliance with a pharmaceutical regimen by detecting ingestion of a dose of medication comprising a drug formulation and a permanent magnet, the apparatus including at least two magnetic field sensors positioned apart from each other on a necklace, each magnetic field sensor being in electronic communication with a microprocessor for receiving signals from the magnetic field sensors to determine the passage of a permanent magnet between the magnetic field sensors.
Abstract:
A device useful for oral drug delivery device consisting of: (a) a capsule, tablet or pill designed to disperse in the gastrointestinal system; (b) an RFID tag positioned in the capsule, tablet or pill, the RFID tag comprising an antenna; (c) an object selected from the group consisting of a magnet, a ferromagnetic object, a ferrite object and an electromagnetic shielding object positioned within, over or adjacent the antenna of the RFID tag to alter the antenna characteristics of the RFID tag so that if the RFID tag is interrogated before the capsule, tablet or pill disperses in the gastrointestinal system, the response of the RFID tag is sufficiently altered or attenuated to determine that the capsule, tablet or pill has not dispersed in the gastrointestinal system and so that if the RFID tag is interrogated after the capsule, tablet or pill has dispersed in the gastrointestinal system, the object separates from the RFID tag so that the response of the RFID tag is sufficiently detectable to determine that the capsule, tablet or pill has dispersed in the gastrointestinal system. Alternatively, a switch can be used to signal ingestion of the device, and change the response of the device. In another embodiment, the instant invention is a device useful for oral drug delivery, consisting of: (a) a capsule, tablet or pill designed to disperse in the gastrointestinal system; (b) a first non-anti-collision RFID tag positioned in the capsule; (c) a second non-anti-collision RFID tag positioned in the capsule, so that if the RFID tags are interrogated by an RFID reader before the capsule, tablet or pill disperses in the gastrointestinal system, the response of the RFID tags collide and so that after the dispersible material of the capsule has dispersed in the gastrointestinal system thereby allowing the first and second non-anti-collision tags to separate from each other, then the response of the RFID tags is sufficiently different from each other to determine that the capsule has dispersed in the gastrointestinal system.
Abstract:
A method for pelletizing and taking intensive measurements of a raw sample. The raw sample is mixed with several solutions containing epoxies and activators based in carrier solutions or solvents, and ground to a fine powder or gel, and partially dried and conformed to a pellet shape (30). The pellet (30) is then cured such that the epoxy and activator solutions react and form a binding agent capable of maintaining the structural integrity of the pellet (30) during intensive analysis. An intensive analysis instrument, such as LIBS, which includes using a high power laser pulse (20) at a test point (22) to generate a plasma plume (26), the atomic emission (24) of which is collected and analyzed.
Abstract:
Determining constituent components of a fluid sample. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods including: creating electromagnetic energy with a wavelength in the infrared region; directing the electromagnetic energy into a fluid sample; modulating the electromagnetic energy at a modulation frequency; directing the electromagnetic energy that passes through the fluid sample to a first resonant chamber, the first resonant chamber has an acoustic resonant frequency substantially equal to the modulation frequency; absorbing at least a portion of the electromagnetic energy by a detector fluid within the first resonant chamber; detecting acoustic energy within the first resonant chamber; and determining a first constituent component of the fluid sample based on the acoustic energy within the first resonant chamber.
Abstract:
Optical measurement devices including one or more sealing assemblies are described. The sealing assemblies are configured for use at relatively high temperatures and pressures, such as temperatures over 200 degrees F and pressures over 10,000 psi. The sealing assemblies can include a deformable seal element surrounded on each side by a backup seal element. In some examples, the deformable seal element is formed of a material selected from a group consisting of a fluoroelastomer or polytetrafluoroethylene, and the backup seal elements are formed of a material selected from a group consisting of flexible graphite or metal foil. Optionally, at least one additional seal element functioning as an extrusion barrier can be placed on the opposite side of one or both backup seal elements from the deformable seal element. The additional seal element can be formed of polyether ether ketone or flexible graphite, for example. Additional devices and assemblies are described.
Abstract:
Apparatus, systems, and methods may operate to receive incident energy within a chamber defining a first part of an interaction volume that attenuates the incident energy as a function of path length to provide attenuated energy. Additional activity may include simultaneously transforming the attenuated energy characterized by a substantially exponential intensity function into resultant energy characterized by a substantially polynomial intensity function. The transformation may be accomplished using an interacted energy transformation element that defines a second part of the interaction volume, the transformation element operating to intercept the attenuated energy along a plurality of path lengths. Other activity may include transmitting the resultant energy to a receiver. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
Abstract:
Improved apparatus and methods for non-invasively assessing one or more hemodynamic parameters associated with the circulatory system of a living organism. In one aspect, the invention comprises apparatus adapted to accurately place and maintain a sensor (e.g., tonometric pressure sensor) with respect to the anatomy of the subject, including an alignment apparatus which is separable from an adjustable fixture. The alignment apparatus moveably captures the sensor to, inter alia, facilitate coupling thereof to an actuator used to position the sensor during measurements. The alignment apparatus also advantageously allows the sensor position to be maintained when the fixture is removed from the subject, such as during patient transport. Methods for positioning the alignment apparatus and sensor, correcting for hydrostatic pressure effects, and providing treatment to the subject are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method for pelletizing and taking intensive measurements of a raw sample is disclosed. The method includes homogenizing and pelletizing the sample that is to be subjected to compositional or intensive analysis. The raw sample is mixed with several solutions containing epoxies and activators based in carrier solutions or solvents, and ground to a fine powder or gel. The gel is partially dried and conformed to a pellet shape. The pellet is then cured such that the epoxy and activator solutions react and form a binding agent capable of maintaining the structural integrity of the sample pellet during intensive analysis. An intensive analysis instrument, such as LIBS, may then be used to ablate the surface of the pellet. The pellet provides consistent ablation of the sample material for accurate intensive measurements.