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    22.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1449772A1

    公开(公告)日：1968-12-05

    申请号：DE1449772

    申请日：1964-05-02

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： FLEISHER HAROLD ,  JEROME HARRIS THOMAS ,  SHAPIRO EUGENE

    IPC: B23K26/00 ,  B23K26/06 ,  B23K26/12 ,  G02F1/29 ,  G03G5/022 ,  G06K1/12 ,  G11B7/003 ,  G11B7/085 ,  G11B11/03 ,  G11B11/105 ,  H04N5/76 ,  H04N5/82

    Abstract: 1,026,317. Lasers. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. April 28, 1964 [May 1, 1963], No. 17489/64. Heading H3B. [Also in Divisions G2 and G5] Information is recorded on a thermoplastic surface by using a laser beam to heat the surface and cause local deformations in the surface. In Fig. 1, the beam from a laser 16 is split by a half-silvered mirror 20 and part of the beam is focused by a lens 26 on to the tape record 10 to melt its surface and thereby erase any information previously recorded. The other part of the beam is reflected by a mirror 28 through a variable focus lens 34 and a fixed focus lens 36 on to the tape which has previously been electrically charged by a unit 30. The lens 34 is adapted to focus or defocus the beam under the control of an information source 37, and when the beam is focused the record is heated sufficiently to cause local deformation of the surface under the influence of the electrostatic charge and surface tension. The laser 16 may be pulsed or continuous wave and may use calcium fluoride doped with divalent dysprosium, calcium tungstate doped with trivalent neodymium, ruby, or a gas such as helium, neon, argon, krypton or xenon, or a semi-conductor gallium arsenide diode.

    24.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1244297B

    公开(公告)日：1967-07-13

    申请号：DEJ0025957

    申请日：1964-06-03

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： FLEISHER HAROLD

    IPC: G02F1/03 ,  G02F1/29 ,  G02F3/00 ,  H03K17/78

    Abstract: 1,026,318. Light modulators. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. May 26, 1964 [June 6, 1963], No. 21793/64. Heading H4F. [Also in Division G2] An electromagnetic radiation gate for controlling the intensity of light incidence at a particular point, such as P, Fig. 2, comprises a light source 5 and a polarizer 6 for producing a coherent beam of polarized light, and a plate 2 of electrooptic material having two plane parallel surfaces bearing similar transparent electrodes 1 and 8, Fig. 1 (not shown), which define Fresnel zones across which is applied an electrical voltage whereby the state of polarization of the light passing through the electrodes is changed relative to the state of polarization of light passing through gaps between the electrodes and the intensity of the light incidence at point P is increased. Preferably the light source 5 is a laser and the coherent beam of light is monochromatic and linearly polarized, the electrical voltage applied to the electrodes being of such a magnitude that the plane of polarization of the light passing through the electrodes is effectively rotated through 90 degrees. Electrodes 1 are connected together electrically by a small transparent conductor 3, Fig. 1 (not shown), and electrodes 8 are connected together by a similar small transparent conductor. When the voltage is not applied across the transparent electrodes the Fresnel focusing zone plate i.e. plate 2, does not act as a lens and no focusing occurs at point P. Focusing occurs when voltage is applied because the light transmitted through the transparent electrodes is diffracted independently of light transmitted through the regions between the electrodes and they do not interfere because they are both linearly polarized with different planes of polarization. Maximum intensity occurs at point P when the voltage applied to the electrodes which changes the state of polarization is sufficient to effectively rotate the plane of polarization through 90 degrees. In a further embodiment, Fig. 3 (not shown), an exclusive OR logical circuit is provided by locating a second plate, similar to plate 2 but having complementary electrodes, parallel to and in close proximity to the plate 2 so that when a voltage is applied across the second plate it effectively rotates the plane of polarization by the same amount as plate 2. With this arrangement when either the electrodes of plate 2 or the second plate are activated focusing occurs at point P, but when the electrodes of both plates are activated all the light emerging from the plates has the same plane of polarization and thus Fresnel focusing is destroyed. An analyser 27 is located after the two plates and is orientated so that upon activation of both plates the emerging light is extinguished by the analyzer, i.e. the analyser only accepts light polarized in the same plane as the beam incident on the plates. Plate 2 may be composed of KDP or ADP, the electrodes being evaporated stannous oxide.

    25.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1187404B

    公开(公告)日：1965-02-18

    申请号：DEJ0022002

    申请日：1962-06-26

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： FLEISHER HAROLD ,  ROTH ROBERT INGERSOLL

    IPC: G11C15/06

    Abstract: 981,919. Digital data storage; electric calculating apparatus. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. June 26, 1962 [June 26, 1961], No. 24451/62. Headings G4A, G4B and G4C. Words can be selected in a memory according to specified characteristics and a selected field of each word added together the sum appearing in a register without the words being removed from the memory. Embodiments described use cryotrons or relays. In the cryotron store of Fig. 4 words are stored in rows of bi-stable circuits 10a to 10c, 12a to 12c . . ., like ordered binary digits forming the columns of the matrix. The state of a circuit and the value of the digit stored therein is represented by current flowing in one limb or the other of a superconductive loop. A mask register is set to determine the field of the words on which a selection is made. An association selection register is set to determine the value of the field on which a selection is made and the sum field selection register is set to determine the field of the selected words to be summed by the counting networks, the result appearing in register 124. The counting networks are as described in Specification 923,770. Indicators 97 to 100 such as lamps are operated when a word is selected. A network 102 counts the number of such words, operating in the same way as networks 120, and places the results in register 106. A detail of Fig. 4 is shown in Fig. 5G. The mask register 108 element 110a if set to 0 cuts off current to the like order association selection register 84 element 86a. If the order shown in Fig. 5G is to be masked current is steered by means not shown into the right-hand conductor of the pair 226a and switch 228 is closed. Gates 242a, 148a, 154a and 156a become resistive and no current appears on conductor 146a which supplies the select register. Assuming mask register set to 1 a similar process involving switch 230 determines whether current in conductor 146a is steered to conductors 46 or 48, representing 0 or 1 respectively. The bit represented by the setting of circuit 86a is compared with the bits stored in the bistable devices 10a, 12a &c. If device 10a for example stores a bit different from the setting of circuit 86a current from a source not shown is steered to line 66 since either gates 10 and 62 or 58 and 64 are resistive. If the bit values are the same either line 50 or 52 carries current depending on the setting of device 10a. To select a word order for inclusion in the field to be summed current is steered to the left hand line of the pair 226a. This leads to the marking of the select line. If the suppress line had been marked gate 172 would be resistive and device 10a would be seen by the counting network as if it were storing 0. Similarly if the word in the first row is not chosen current in line 66 closes gates in the counting network which make it appear that device 10a is storing 0. Fig. 7 shows a multiplier which has as operands two fields of the sum register. If the value of multiplier bit is 1 the values of the multiplicand are gated from circuits 408c to counting networks according to the order of the multiplier bit. A dividing circuit is also mentioned in which the dividend is the contents of the sum register and the divisor the number of selected words taken from the register 126. It is stated to be of conventional construction and no further details are given. A relay circuit is shown in Fig. 8A. To enter a 1 into storage device 440b word write line 463 is energized and switch 462b closed. This energizes both the P coils of solenoid 448b and their combined strength is sufficient to switch the contacts which inter alia cause a hold coil of the solenoid to be energized and by-pass the coils to 0 solenoid 444b. The value in circuit 440b is the same as that in the association select register, as indicated by energization of solenoid 468b or 470b, either contacts 472b and 482b or contacts 476b and 484b will be closed, and current on line 488 will energize solenoid 492. A counting network is also provided in this embodiment and the first level comprises contacts 502b, 504b.

    26.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1549782A1

    公开(公告)日：1971-11-18

    申请号：DE1549782

    申请日：1967-10-11

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： LEONARD DUDA WILLIAM ,  FLEISHER HAROLD ,  LEWIS REYNOLDS JERRY

    IPC: G05D3/20 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G06K13/06

    Abstract: 1,138,128. Read-only stores. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 4 Sept., 1967 [12 Jan., 1967], No. 40317/67. Heading G4A. Positioning means is controlled by position detecting means responsive to the frequency pattern produced by a Lippmann film registration area in or on the object to be positioned. As described, the object is a Lippmann film optical read-only storage plate, i.e. a transparent photographic plate in which information is stored as light reflecting layers with characteristic spacing by directing light of selected frequencies at areas of the plate e.g. by use of lasers, grating, and electro-optic deflector, to set up standing waves, then removing the plate, developing it, and replacing it. Data is read using selected frequency light again, a grating to separate the frequencies reflected, and photodetectors. To facilitate accurate positioning on replacement, registration information in three areas was recorded along with the data. Registration information is read from two of the areas alternately and compared. The table on which the plate is mounted is rotated in a sense determined by the difference until identical signals are obtained from both areas, then the table is moved rectilinearly in X and Y directions until the signals from the two areas reach standard (equal) values.

    29.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1900920A1

    公开(公告)日：1969-07-31

    申请号：DE1900920

    申请日：1969-01-09

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： FLEISHER HAROLD ,  JEROME HARRIS THOMAS

    IPC: G02F1/03 ,  G02F3/00 ,  G11C13/04 ,  G11C15/00 ,  G11C17/00 ,  H01J39/12

    Abstract: 1,199,530. Read-only stores. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 3 Dec., 1968 [12 Jan., 1968], No. 57224/68. Heading G4A. [Also in Divisions G2, H1 and H4] An optical AND gate comprises an electrooptic crystal 16, such as KDP, and a transparent photocathode 14 having transparent conductive coatings 20 and 22 disposed as shown in Fig. 1 within a transparent glass envelope 12. In operation, with switch 48 closed, a light beam 42 which may contain an image, such as a photographic memory containing fields of binary bits represented by light and dark spots, is imaged on to photocathode 14, the emitted electrons from which are accelerated by the potential gradient to crystal 16 e.g. light on area 44 causes area 28 on crystal 16 to assume an electron charge thereby developing a potential across the crystal in that area. To read-out the stored electron image, switch 48 is opened, and a plane polarized light beam 26 from digital deflector 24 is scanned across the crystal 16 and directed via beam splitter 30 and analyser 32 to photo-multiplier tube 36 an output voltage being developed across resistor 38 whenever the beam 26 passes through a charged area of crystal 16 which causes the state of polarization of beam 26 to be changed. An electrical signal proportional to the intensity of beam 42 is thus obtained whenever light in area 44 coincides with light on area 28. The stored charge on crystal 16 is erased prior to the next imaging operation by using an electron flood gun 18. The read-out device may function to provide random accessing of information stored on a memory surface such as a photographic film, Fig. 2 (not shown).

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