Abstract:
The invention concerns a film element having a replication layer (43), wherein an optically active surface structure (27) is shaped in a first surface of the replication layer. The surface structure is formed in at least a first region of the film element (35) by a first diffractive surface relief (46) comprising a plurality of successive elements following a first envelope curve (47), wherein the elements respectively comprise an element surface (48) arranged substantially parallel to a base surface and at least one flank adjoining the adjacent element surface or surfaces, the element surfaces (48) of adjacent elements are spaced in a direction perpendicular to the base plane, with a first optical spacing or a plurality of the first optical spacing, wherein the first optical spacing is between 150 nm and 800 nm, preferably between 150 nm and 400 nm. The first envelope curve (47) has a spatial frequency of between 100 L/mm and 2000 L/mm and an optical depth of more than 450 nm and the relief shape and the spatial frequency of the envelope curve (47) are so selected that the incident light is diffracted into one or more first directions to represent a first item of information, the color value of which is further determined by the first optical spacing.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an optically variable element as well as a method for the production thereof. In a first area the optically variable element has at least one first color region which in the event of illumination generates a color dependent on the angle of observation and/or angle of illumination. The first color region has two or more zones (41 to 47) arranged next to each other. The two or more zones arranged next to each other have in each case a width and/or length dimension of less than 300 μm. In at least one first zone (41) of the zones (41 to 47) of the first color region a thin-film interference filter (15) is provided with at least one interference layer (17). The interference layer (17) of the thin-film interference filter (15) has a first average thickness (d1) in the first zone (41). The first average thickness is chosen such that the thin-film interference filter (15) in the event of illumination at least one particular angle of observation and/or angle of illumination generates, by means of interference, a color which differs from at least one color which is generated in the event of illumination at this angle of observation and/or angle of illumination in at least one of the other zones (42 to 47) of the first color region.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a security element (2), in particular in the form of a multi-layer flexible film body, with a top side facing an observer and a back side facing away from the observer, as well as a method for the production thereof. The security element (2) has one or more light-emitting elements arranged in a first area (30) of the security element which radiate light when activated and in particular are formed in each case of a self-luminous, electrically operated, display element. The security element (2) has, in the first area (30), one or more transmissive diffraction structures. The one or more transmissive diffraction structures are arranged such that at least a part of the light radiated by the activated one or more light-emitting elements transmits through at least one partial area of the transmissive diffraction structures.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for authenticating an optically variable security element (1), in particular a diffractive security element, with the steps: a) capturing an image sequence with at least one individual image of the security element (1) by means of a sensor (31), in particular a hand-held device (3), preferably a smartphone, tablet or a PDA; b) checking whether at least one predetermined item of optical information is present in at least one individual image of the image sequence.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a security element (1) with a first volume hologram layer (11), which spans a coordinate system with the coordinate axes x and y (3, 4) perpendicular to each other in an unbent state of the security element (1), wherein a first volume hologram is introduced into the first volume hologram layer (11) in at least one first area (51), wherein the first volume hologram is formed such that a first item of information (21-30) is visible for an observer (7) in a first observation situation in a first predefined bent state of the security element (1) and is not visible in the first observation situation in the unbent state of the security element (1) or vice versa.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a security element (1), a security document (2) with at least one security element (1), a transfer foil (3) with at least one security element (1) as well as a method for producing a security element (1), wherein the security element has at least one layer (11) that is electrically alterable in its optical effect. It is here provided that the at least one layer (11) that is electrically alterable in its optical effect has liquid crystals (12) that can be oriented in an electric field, wherein the at least one layer (11) that is electrically alterable in its optical effect has rod-shaped dye molecules (13), and the orientations of the longitudinal axes (14) of the rod-shaped dye molecules (13) are alterable depending on the orientations of the longitudinal axes (16) of the spatially adjacent liquid crystals (12) that can be oriented in the electric field, and/or wherein the liquid crystals (12) that can be oriented in the electric field are formed in such a way that the liquid crystals (12) that can be oriented in the electric field simultaneously act as dye molecules.
Abstract:
A security element with a first volume hologram layer, which spans a coordinate system with the coordinate axes x and y perpendicular to each other in an unbent state of the security element, wherein a first volume hologram is introduced into the first volume hologram layer in at least one first area, wherein the first volume hologram is formed such that a first item of information is visible for an observer in a first observation situation in a first predefined bent state of the security element and is not visible in the first observation situation in the unbent state of the security element or vice versa.
Abstract:
A multilayer body with a carrier and a layer arranged thereon which comprises electrically conductive material in such an arrangement comprises an information area and a background area (18) which are galvanically separated from each other. In each information area a first zone (10) with electrically conductive material is provided, over the entirety of which electrically conductive material is conductively connected to it. In each background area a plurality of second zones with electrically conductive material is provided, which are galvanically separated from each other. Each first zone (10) preferably occupies a surface area that is at least five times larger than each of the second zones. The electrically conductive material is preferably provided with an average surface coverage which varies over all information areas and background areas (18) by less than 25%. A homogeneous appearance of the multilayer body is thereby ensured, and an item of information provided in the information area, provided by the shape, size and/or alignment of the first zone, is not visible without aids, and therefore cannot be copied.
Abstract:
A multilayer body (1, 2, 3) and a method for producing a security element are described. The multilayer body has a metal layer (21). An optically active surface relief is molded at least in areas in a first surface of the metal layer (21) facing the upper side of the multilayer body or forming the upper side of the multilayer body and/or in a second surface of the metal layer (21) facing the underside of the multilayer body or forming the underside of the multilayer body. In at least one first area (31 to 39) of the multilayer body the surface relief is formed by a first relief structure (61). In at least one direction (617) determined by an allocated azimuth angle, the first relief structure (61) has a sequence of elevations (612) and depressions (614), the elevations (612) of which follow on from each other with a period P which is smaller than a wavelength of visible light, wherein the minima of the depressions (614) lie on a base surface and the first relief structure (61) has a relief depth t which is determined by the spacing of the maxima of the elevations (612) of the first relief structure (61) from the base surface in a direction perpendicular to the base surface. The profile shape and/or the relief depth t of the first relief structure (61) is chosen such that the colored appearance of the light (52, 53) incident on the first area (31 to 39) at least at a first angle of incidence and directly reflected by the metal layer (21) in the first area or directly transmitted through the metal layer is modified, in particular is modified by plasmon resonance of the metal layer with the incident light.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a security element (2) with a first area (30) that is transparent in transmitted light. The security element (2) has a substrate (21) which has, in the first area (30), one or more transmissive diffraction structures which display one or more optical security features when observed in transmitted light.