Abstract:
Method and apparatus for welding, cutting, surface machining or heat treating workpieces by a laser beam which includes providing an optical element in the path of the laser beam to modify the pattern of the laser beam such that different geometric patterns can be projected on the focal plane, and this beam pattern spans at least the width of the heat treatment, cutting, surface machining or welding zone on the workpieces.
Abstract:
There is disclosed herein a modified Tungsten-Inert Gas welding process for joining relatively thick high-strength steel plates by depositing multiple layers of weld metal in a groove between the plates. For each layer, the arc voltage, arc current and feed rate of filler material are adjusted to provide uniform heat input to the weld for varying size weld deposits. The weld layers formed from the successive passes extend along the length and across the width of the weld groove, and are of substantially uniform thickness. The top one or two weld layers may be side-byside weld deposits which extend along the length of the joint and overlap intermediate the width of the groove. The weld groove is V-shaped and wide enough at its top to permit clearance of the welding electrodes when depositing the lowermost layer.
Abstract:
The laser apparatus (L, G, T) is placed on a stand (B) which carries the support for the working head (T) of the apparatus in rotary manner, and the apparatus together with its stand are housed in a container (C) through which the tube passes, which container is fixed to the tube while work is taking place, the mass of the container together with that of its contents considerably damping the transmission of stresses from the tube to the working head.
Abstract:
An apparatus for repairing curved grinding surfaces in bowl mill coal pulverizers by welding hardfacing material onto the grinding ring surface. The inventive apparatus includes novel guide structure imparting an arcuate motion to the welding torch as it traverses the grinding surface. In a preferred form a welding torch is pivotally mounted about an axis at or near the center of curvature of the grinding surface, pivoted along the circumference of the curved grinding surface to effect welding repairs. The pivotal positioning and motion of the welding torch assures a constant distance and angle relative to the grinding surface, and thus a strong, primary, non-overlapping weld bond across the entire width of the ring. In a preferred form the apparatus employs dual, independently adjustable, simultaneously indexed torch heads. In a further aspect the invention includes a novel positioning device for initial placement of the welding torch, adjustable to accommodate wear to certain portions of the grinding ring on which it rests.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for making welded mesh forms (10) having a stationary center beam (12) and an adjustable center beam (14). Two adjustable side beams (36 and 38) and one adjustable bottom beam and clamp (20) are provided so that any number of circular, arched, and/or elliptical wire mesh forms may be created. Once the desired shape has been properly formed by adjustment, a wire mesh (44) is inserted in between the adjustable clamps contained on the beams. A centering/positioning device (62) then grips the mesh along one free longitudinal edge and holds the wire mesh (44) in place as the clamps are clamped to the wire mesh (44) in clockwise sequence. This clockwise sequence adjusts the prerolled wire mesh (44) and creates a perfectly formed wire mesh (44) in the shape and diameter desired. Once clamped in the desired position, the centering/positioning device (62) is withdrawn and welder (32) and transformer (30) in conjunction with dual weld heads (34) are operated sequentially to automatically weld the entire desired length. Once welding is complete, the welder (32) returns to the operator end (46), the clamps are released and cage ejector (42) is utilized to eject the now welded formed wire mesh (44) from the apparatus (10).
Abstract:
A welding mechanism for build up of a conical surface includes a base assembly with a base gear fixedly mounted thereto, and a slide rail assembly rotatable about a base axis. The slide rail assembly includes a slide rail positionable parallel to the conical surface, a slide carriage moveable along the slide rail, carrying a welding torch, a rotatable lead screw in threaded engagement with the slide carriage, and a carriage gear rotatable with the lead screw and engaged with the base gear. Rotation of the slide rail assembly moves the torch on the slide carriage circumferentially along the conical surface, and, simultaneously, rotation of the slide carriage assembly, by inter-engagement of the carriage and base gears, causes the slide carriage to move along the slide rail carrying the torch radially along the conical surface, the torch moving in a spiral path, about the base axis, along the surface.
Abstract:
A plasma is generated within the interior of a hollow form held within a vacuum chamber enclosure by utilizing a radio frequency coil mounted within the vacuum chamber and defining a working volume which closely conforms to the shape of the hollow form. The hollow form and the interior of the vacuum chamber are evacuated to a low pressure, and a gas is introduced into the interior of the hollow form to maintain the pressure within the form higher than the pressure in the vacuum chamber outside of the form. Radio frequency electrical power is supplied to the coil to induce an electric field within the form which is sufficient to break down the gas within the form to form a plasma at the pressure of the gas within the form, but does not break down the gas at the lower pressure in the vacuum chamber outside of the hollow form. The interior of hollow forms having complex shapes can be treated using two or more coils arranged to treat distinct portions of the form, and the shape of the coils and the manner in which power is supplied to the coils can be selected to control the spatial distribution of the plasma within the hollow form.
Abstract:
A method for coating the internal cylinder bores of a cast aluminum engine block comprising the steps of casting an engine block of aluminum alloy, thermally spraying a wear-resistant coating onto cylinder walls in the engine block by melting the tip of a rotating iron-based alloy rod with a plasma torch within cylinders in the engine block, and honing the cylinder walls to a chosen size.