Abstract:
A system for sensing the level of moisture contamination of refrigerant material flowing in a flow circuit of a heat transfer apparatus, such as an automobile air conditioner, includes a sensor (10). The sensor has a body (12) housing a light emitting diode (30), a sensing photo diode (32), and a reference photo diode (34). The sensor further includes a sight glass (20). A substrate (58) which is coated with a dye treated cobalt bromide salt, is positioned in the refrigerant material adjacent to the sight glass. The substrate changes color responsive to the degree of moisture contamination in the refrigerant material. The light emitting diode produces a red light which is reflected off the substrate and is sensed by the sensing photo diode. The difference in intensity sensed by the sensing photo diode, and the reference photo diode which senses the intensity of the light emitting idode on a direct path, is determined by electrical circuitry which produces an output signal representative of the degree of contamination.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Reaktionsträger (14), eine Messvorrichtung (12) und ein Messverfahren zur Messung einer Konzentration von gas- und/oder aerosolförmigen Komponenten eines Gasgemisches. Der Reaktionsträger (14) weist zumindest einen Strömungskanal (42) auf, der sich zwischen zwei Anschlusselementen (44) erstreckt, und der Strömungskanal (42) bildet eine Reaktionskammer (46), in welcher ein Reaktionsstoff (48) vorgesehen ist, welcher ausgebildet ist, um mit zumindest einer zu messenden Komponente des Gasgemisches oder einem Reaktionsprodukt der zu messenden Komponente eine optisch detektierbare Reaktion einzugehen. Ferner weist der Reaktionsträger (14) zumindest ein Temperaturmesselement (88) auf. Die Messvorrichtung (12) weist zumindest ein Temperaturmesselement (90) auf, welches eine Temperatur der Messvorrichtung (12) und/oder des Reaktionsträgers (14) erfasst, sowie eine Temperaturbestimmungseinheit (92), welche in Abhängigkeit von dem Messergebnis des zumindest einen Temperäturmesselements (90) eine Temperatur des Gasgemisches bestimmt. Das Messverfahren umfasst die Bestimmung einer Temperatur des geförderten Gasgemisches im Strömungskanal (42) und die Bestimmung einer Konzentration der zumindest einen Komponente in Abhängigkeit von einer optisch detektierbaren Reaktion und der bestimmten Temperatur des Gasgemischs.
Abstract:
The output of optical computing devices containing an integrated computational element (212) can be corrected when an interferent substance or condition is present. The devices may comprise an optional electromagnetic radiation source (200); a sample detection unit comprising an integrated computational element (212) and a detector (216) configured to receive electromagnetic radiation that has optically interacted with the integrated computational element and produce a sample signal associated therewith; an interferent monitor (222) located proximal to the sample detection unit, the interferent monitor being configured to produce an interferent signal associated with an interferent substance; and a signal processing unit (220) operable to convert the interferent signal into an interferent input form suitable for being computationally combined with the sample signal, the signal processing unit being further operable to computationally combine the sample signal and the interferent input form to determine a characteristic of a sample in real-time or near real-time.
Abstract:
Disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide means to obtain correct gas density and flux measurements using (i) gas analyzer (open-path, or closed-path gas analyzers with short intake tube, for example 1 m long, or any combination of the two); (ii) fast temperature or sensible heat flux measurement device (such as, fine-wire thermocouple, sonic anemometer, or any other device providing fast accurate gas temperature measurements); (iii) fast air water content or latent heat flux measurement device (such as, hygrometer, NDIR analyzer, any other device providing fast accurate gas water content measurements); (iv) vertical wind or sampling device (such as sonic anemometer, scintillometer, or fast solenoid valve, etc.) and (v) algorithms in accordance with the present invention to compute the corrected gas flux, compensated for T-P effects. In case when water factor in T-P effects is negligible, the fast air water content or latent heat flux measurement device (item iii in last paragraph) can be excluded.
Abstract:
A system for detecting gas leaks and determining their location and size. A data gathering portion of the system utilizes a hub and spoke configuration to collect path-integrated spectroscopic data over multiple open paths around an area. A processing portion of the system applies a high-resolution transport model together with meteorological data of the area to generate an influence function of possible leak locations on gas detector measurement paths, and applies an inversion model to the influence function and the spectroscopic data to generate gas source size and location.
Abstract:
Methods, devices, and systems are provided for analyzing the moisture content in natural gas. In one embodiment, a portable moisture analyzer system is provided and can include a moisture analyzer and a housing. The moisture analyzer can include a tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer (TDLAS) and a natural gas sample conditioning system. The TDLAS can be configured to detect water vapor content within a natural gas sample. The sample conditioning system can be in fluid communication with the TDLAS and can be configured to condition at least one of temperature, flow rate, and pressure of a natural gas sample. The housing can be configured to receive the moisture analyzer therein and to protect the moisture analyzer from vibration and/or shock.
Abstract:
The present invention related to a test strip and a method for humidity detection. The test strip comprises two humidity detecting materials for detecting humidity change and one of the humidity detecting materials is exposed to outer environment. Detect the two humidity changes to obtain a ratio that is used for comparing with a value and then it can prevent from exceeding a predetermined humidity value, and whereby the test strip and the method could achieve the goal of simple humidity detection.
Abstract:
A system and method to obtain correct gas density and flux measurements using (i) gas analyzer (open-path, or closed-path gas analyzers with short intake tube, or any combination of the two); (ii) fast temperature or sensible heat flux measurement device (such as, fine-wire thermocouple, sonic anemometer, or any other device providing fast accurate gas temperature measurements); (iii) fast air water content or latent heat flux measurement device (such as, hygrometer, NDIR analyzer, any other device providing fast accurate gas water content measurements); (iv) vertical wind or sampling device (such as sonic anemometer, scintillometer, or fast solenoid valve, etc.) and (v) algorithms in accordance with the present invention to compute the corrected gas flux, compensated for T-P effects. In case when water factor in T-P effects is negligible, the fast air water content or latent heat flux measurement device (item iii in last paragraph) can be excluded.
Abstract:
Determining optical visibility in an environment that may contain airborne dust particles is described. In one aspect, a method determines an ambient relative humidity in the environment. A near infrared wave is transmitted through a portion of the environment. An optical visibility in the environment is calculated based on the ambient relative humidity and attenuation of the near infrared wave during transmission through the environment. Various contrast thresholds are employed in the determination of optical visibility in the environment.