公开(公告)号：US4907037A

公开(公告)日：1990-03-06

申请号：US169958

申请日：1988-03-18

Applicant: Gilbert Boisde ,  Jean-Jacques Perez

Inventor： Gilbert Boisde ,  Jean-Jacques Perez

IPC: G01N21/77 ,  G01N21/80

CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 ,  G01N21/80 ,  G01N2201/08 ,  G01N2201/122

Abstract: It is intended for measuring a given characteristic of a fluid medium and comprises at least one assembly having an appropriate reagent for said measurement and serving to interact with the fluid medium, reagent support means, an optical fibre (2) called the emitting fibre and used for transmitting light in the direction of the support means and at least one other optical fibre (4), called the receiving fibre and which recovers at least part of the light from the support means when the latter receive the light from the emitting fibre. The support means comprise a single porous or adsorbant element (10) to which is fixed the reagent and which is positioned facing the emitting fibre and each receiving fibre. This element is in direct contact with the fluid medium when the transducer is immersed in it and therefore has no confinement membrane.

Abstract translation: 用于测量流体介质的给定特性，并且包括至少一个组件，其具有用于所述测量的适当试剂并用于与流体介质，试剂支撑装置，被称为发射光纤的光纤（2）相互作用 用于沿支撑装置的方向透射光，以及称为接收光纤的至少一个其它光纤（4），并且当所述光纤接收来自发射光纤的光时，至少部分光从支撑装置回收。 支撑装置包括单个多孔或吸附元件（10），固定了试剂并将其定位成面向发射光纤和每个接收光纤。 当换能器浸入其中时，该元件与流体介质直接接触，因此没有限制膜。

公开(公告)号：US4615761A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-07

申请号：US712032

申请日：1985-03-15

Applicant: Keiji Tada ,  Takashi Fujii ,  Gen Marumoto ,  Kazuhiro Jyouo ,  Takahiro Fujisawa

Inventor： Keiji Tada ,  Takashi Fujii ,  Gen Marumoto ,  Kazuhiro Jyouo ,  Takahiro Fujisawa

IPC: G01N21/62 ,  H01J37/32 ,  H01L21/306 ,  B44C1/22 ,  C03C15/00 ,  C23F1/02

CPC classification number: H01J37/32935 ,  G01N21/62 ,  G01N2201/122

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of and apparatus for detecting the end point of plasma treatment. The method includes steps: selecting a plasma spectrum having a characteristic wavelength from the plasma spectrum occurring at the time of the plasma treatment reaction of a specimen; computing a secondary differential value of a function of the quantity of the plasma spectrum selected and the plasma treatment reaction time of the specimen; and detecting the end point of the plasma treatment reaction of the specimen by comparing the secondary differential value computed with preset reference values for judgment. The apparatus comprises a means of selecting plasma spectrum having a particular wavelength from the plasma spectrum occurring at the time of the plasma treatment reaction of the specimen, a means of converting the quantity of the plasma spectrum selected into an analog electric signal, a means of converting the analog electric signal into a value of digital data, a means of counting the plasma treatment reaction time of the specimen, a means of secondarily differentiating a function of the value of digital data and the plasma treatment reaction time, a means of making judgment by comparing the secondary differential value with preset reference values for judgment, and a means of giving an instruction for starting judgment to said means. Thus, accurate detection is achieved regardless of which curve is taken by the change in the reaction time of the quantity of plasma spectrum.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于检测等离子体处理终点的方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤：从样品的等离子体处理反应时发生的等离子体光谱中选择具有特征波长的等离子体光谱; 计算所选择的等离子体光谱的量和样品的等离子体处理反应时间的函数的二次微分值; 并通过比较用预先设定的基准值进行判断的二次微分值，来检测试样的等离子体处理反应的终点。 该装置包括从样品的等离子体处理反应时出现的等离子体光谱中选择具有特定波长的等离子体光谱的方法，将所选择的等离子体光谱的量转换为模拟电信号的装置， 将模拟电信号转换为数字数据的值，对样本的等离子体处理反应时间进行计数的方法，二次区分数字数据的值和等离子体处理反应时间的功能的手段，进行判断的手段 通过将二次微分值与用于判断的预设参考值进行比较，以及向所述装置发出开始判断的指令的装置。 因此，无论通过等离子体光谱量的反应时间的变化采取哪个曲线，都能实现准确的检测。

公开(公告)号：US4609426A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-02

申请号：US736769

申请日：1985-05-22

Applicant: Yoshifumi Ogawa ,  Masaharu Nishiumi ,  Yoshie Tanaka ,  Sadayuki Okudaira ,  Shigeru Nishimatsu

Inventor： Yoshifumi Ogawa ,  Masaharu Nishiumi ,  Yoshie Tanaka ,  Sadayuki Okudaira ,  Shigeru Nishimatsu

IPC: H01L21/302 ,  G01N21/62 ,  H01J37/32 ,  H01L21/145 ,  H01L21/3065 ,  H01L21/306 ,  B44C1/22 ,  C03C15/00 ,  C23F1/02

CPC classification number: H01J37/32935 ,  G01N21/62 ,  G01N2201/122

Abstract: This invention relates to a method and apparatus for monitoring etching. The monitor method comprises the steps of regulating a gas pressure inside a treating chamber, in which a sample is being etched by a dry etching process, to a pressure at which a emission line spectrum can be clarified, converting the gas whose pressure is regulated to plasma, and monitoring the etching state of the sample from the change of the intensity of the emission line spectrum with time. The monitor apparatus comprises exhaust means for discharging a gas from a treating chamber in which a sample is being etched by a dry etching process, plasma means for introducing the gas discharged from the treating chamber and converting it plasma, pressure regulation means for regulating the pressure of the gas at the plasma means to a pressure at which a emission line spectrum can be clarified, and spectrum detection means for detecting the emission line spectrum of the plasma at the plasma means, and detecting the change of the intensity of the detected emission line spectrum with time.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于监测蚀刻的方法和装置。 监测方法包括以下步骤：将通过干蚀刻工艺蚀刻样品的处理室内的气体压力调节到可以澄清发射谱线谱的压力，将压力调节的气体转化为 等离子体，并且随着时间的推移从发射线谱的强度的变化监测样品的蚀刻状态。 监视器装置包括排气装置，用于通过干蚀刻处理从其中正在蚀刻样品的处理室排出气体，用于引入从处理室排出的气体并将其转换成等离子体的等离子体装置，用于调节压力的压力调节装置 在等离子体装置处的等离子体的发射线谱的检测装置，以及用于检测等离子体装置上的等离子体的发射谱线光谱的光谱检测装置，以及检测发射线的强度的变化 随着时间的推移。

公开(公告)号：US20180266949A1

公开(公告)日：2018-09-20

申请号：US15761750

申请日：2016-09-27

Applicant: PALL CORPORATION

Inventor： Aaron David Martin

IPC: G01N21/552 ,  G01N21/41 ,  G01N15/14

CPC classification number: G01N21/554 ,  G01N15/1404 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/4133 ,  G01N21/553 ,  G01N35/1095 ,  G01N2015/0092 ,  G01N2201/122 ,  G01N2201/129

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing dispersion gradients and an SPR injection method for determining full kinetics and affinity analysis in the presence of a competitor molecule. The SPR injection provides a dispersion gradient of two or more samples to a SPR flow cell and detector.

公开(公告)号：US07283245B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-16

申请号：US10760438

申请日：2004-01-20

Applicant: Caibin Xiao ,  Scott M. Boyette ,  Radislav A. Potyrailo

Inventor： Caibin Xiao ,  Scott M. Boyette ,  Radislav A. Potyrailo

IPC: G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G06F19/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N21/272 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N21/314 ,  G01N21/552 ,  G01N21/8483 ,  G01N2021/7783 ,  G01N2021/8488 ,  G01N2201/0221 ,  G01N2201/0245 ,  G01N2201/0461 ,  G01N2201/122

Abstract: A portable system and method for measuring the concentration of multiple chemical or biological substances where an onsite analysis of such substances is needed. The new and original handheld sensor system uses a disposable optical test element and a spectroscopic detector that measures the test element response to specific analytes through a change in light absorbance, luminescence, and other forms of light-based response. In this way, reflection light intensities indicative of the test element response can be used to measure the concentration of the target analytes. The sensor system is also capable of being interfaced to an information processing unit or computer so that analytical data can be manipulated or stored electronically.

Abstract translation: 用于测量需要对这些物质进行现场分析的多种化学或生物物质的浓度的便携式系统和方法。 新的和原始的手持传感器系统使用一次性光学测试元件和光谱检测器，其通过光吸收，发光和其他形式的基于光的响应的变化来测量测试元件对特定分析物的响应。 以这种方式，可以使用指示测试元件响应的反射光强度来测量目标分析物的浓度。 传感器系统还能够连接到信息处理单元或计算机，从而可以电子地操纵或存储分析数据。

公开(公告)号：US5212099A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-18

申请号：US643403

申请日：1991-01-18

Applicant: Michael A. Marcus

Inventor： Michael A. Marcus

IPC: G01N21/75 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N21/78

CPC classification number: G01N21/648 ,  G01N21/1717 ,  G01N21/7703 ,  G01N2021/1725 ,  G01N2021/772 ,  G01N2021/773 ,  G01N2021/7786 ,  G01N2201/122

Abstract: Apparatus and method in which a beam of radiant energy (16) is passed into a medium at a wavelength selected to cause a response of an analyte in the medium or of a sensor (10,14) exposed to the medium, the sensor comprising a reagent whose optical properties change in response to the presence of the analyte in the medium. A perturbing pulse of energy (22) is passed into the medium to alter the response of the analyte or reagent to the beam of radiation; and the time rates of change in the intensity of the transmitted radiant energy are measured (18,24,26,28) while the intensity is changing due to the perturbing pulse, after each such perturbing pulse starts or ends or both, such rates of change being proportional to the concentration of the analyte in the medium. Both the beam of radiant energy and the perturbing pulse may be passed through optic fibers into the medium or sensor.

Abstract translation: 辐射能束（16）以选定的波长传播到介质中以引起介质或暴露于介质的传感器（10,14）中的分析物的响应的装置和方法，所述传感器包括 其光学性质响应于介质中分析物的存在而改变的试剂。 将扰动的能量脉冲（22）传递到介质中以改变分析物或试剂对辐射束的响应; 并且测量发射辐射能强度的时间变化率（18,24,26,28），同时由于扰动脉冲的强度在每个这样的扰动脉冲开始或结束之后强度发生变化，两者之间的速率 变化与培养基中分析物的浓度成比例。 辐射能量束和扰动脉冲都可以通过光纤传入介质或传感器。

公开(公告)号：US5212094A

公开(公告)日：1993-05-18

申请号：US687096

申请日：1991-04-19

Applicant: Yoshifumi Ogawa

Inventor： Yoshifumi Ogawa

IPC: G01N21/25 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N35/02 ,  G01N35/04 ,  G01N35/10

CPC classification number: G01N21/253 ,  G01N35/0092 ,  G01N35/025 ,  G01N2035/00564 ,  G01N2035/0441 ,  G01N2035/0443 ,  G01N2035/1076 ,  G01N2035/1086 ,  G01N2201/122 ,  Y10T436/113332

Abstract: An automatic chemical analyzer uses an odd number of reaction tubes, for example, 13 tubes. These reaction tubes are arranged at regular intervals along a circular arrangement line, on a ring-shaped holder which is disposed on a rotating table. Samples and reagents are respectively dispensed into the reaction tubes when they are at a sample dispensing position and at a reagent dispensing position both situated on the arrangement line. The rotating table is driven so that the reaction tubes move intermittently along the arrangement line. If the interval between each two adjacent reaction tubes is designated as one pitch, the tubes are moved substantially half round the arrangement line, e.g., for seven pitches, in each cycle. While the reaction tubes move for such a distance, liquid mixtures of the samples and reagents therein are subjected to photometry. After undergoing a predetermined photometric process, the reaction tubes are washed. Thus, the time required for the movement of the reaction tubes in each cycle can be shortened. Moreover, those reaction tubes which require washing can be situated collectively in a specified position.

Abstract translation: 自动化学分析仪使用奇数个反应管，例如13个管。 这些反应管沿着圆形布置线以规则的间隔布置在设置在旋转台上的环形保持器上。 样品和试剂在样品分配位置和位于布置线上的试剂分配位置时分别分配到反应管中。 旋转台被驱动，使得反应管沿着排列线间歇地移动。 如果每个相邻反应管之间的间隔被指定为一个间距，则管在每个循环中基本上在布置线周围移动一半，例如七个间距。 当反应管移动这样的距离时，其中的样品和试剂的液体混合物进行测光。 在进行预定的光度测定之后，将反应管洗涤。 因此，可以缩短每个循环中的反应管的运动所需的时间。 此外，需要洗涤的那些反应管可以一起集中在指定位置。

公开(公告)号：US5173434A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-22

申请号：US609278

申请日：1990-11-05

Applicant: Roger J. Morris ,  Shoshana Bascomb ,  Carolyn S. Olson

Inventor： Roger J. Morris ,  Shoshana Bascomb ,  Carolyn S. Olson

IPC: C12Q1/26 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/53 ,  G01N21/78

CPC classification number: G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N21/534 ,  G01N2201/122 ,  Y10S436/80

Abstract: A process to determine the concentration of any substance in a colorimetric, turbidimetric or nephelometric reaction using a fluorometric detector to measure fluorescence intensity. In particular, a change in color can be monitored by observing the measurement of fluorescence intensity of a fluorophore in an inert matrix. The absorption spectrum of the chromophore may overlap the excitation and/or emission spectrum of the fluorophore, thereby allowing the change in fluorescence to be related to the intensity of color in the reaction and thus related to the quantity of the substance of interest.

Abstract translation: 使用荧光检测器测定比色，比浊或比浊法反应中任何物质的浓度以测量荧光强度的方法。 特别地，可以通过观察惰性基质中荧光团的荧光强度的测量来监测颜色变化。 发色团的吸收光谱可能与荧光团的激发和/或发射光谱重叠，从而允许荧光的变化与反应中的颜色强度相关，并且因此与感兴趣的物质的量相关。

公开(公告)号：US5162236A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-10

申请号：US512036

申请日：1990-04-13

Applicant: Wing S. Pang ,  Dobson M. Okawa ,  Peter Kan ,  George K. Shibata

Inventor： Wing S. Pang ,  Dobson M. Okawa ,  Peter Kan ,  George K. Shibata

IPC: G01N33/536 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/51 ,  G01N33/53 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N35/02

CPC classification number: G01N21/0332 ,  G01N35/00 ,  G01N21/51 ,  G01N2201/122 ,  G01N33/53 ,  Y10S435/808 ,  Y10S436/808 ,  Y10S436/909

Abstract: A system for analyzing a chemical reaction provides control of the temperature and volume of the reagents to improve the accuracy and precision in quantitative measurements of specific proteins and other immunochemistries in body fluids. The reaction occurs in a cuvette within a nephelometric optics module. A sensor senses the temperatures of reaction buffer liquids as they flow into the cuvette, and a heat exchanging device increases or decreases the temperatures of the buffer liquids. A control circuit responsive to the temperature sensor controls the heat exchanging device to maintain the temperature of the buffer liquids and the cuvette within a selected temperature range. The system may also include a sample pickup station, a sample probe for withdrawing a selected sample from the sample pickup station, a sample preparation station, and a sample transport for carrying said sample from the sample preparation station to the reaction cuvette. The system may include an antibody pickup station, an antibody probe for withdrawing an antibody from the antibody pickup station, an antibody preparation station, and an antibody transport for carrying the antibody from the antibody preparation station to the reaction cuvette.

Abstract translation: 用于分析化学反应的系统提供对试剂的温度和体积的控制，以提高体液中特定蛋白质和其他免疫化学的定量测量的准确性和精确度。 反应发生在浊度计光学模块内的比色皿中。 反应缓冲液体流入比色杯时，传感器检测反应缓冲液的温度，热交换装置增加或减少缓冲液的温度。 响应于温度传感器的控制电路控制热交换装置，以将缓冲液和反应杯的温度保持在所选择的温度范围内。 系统还可以包括样品拾取站，用于从样品拾取站取出选定样品的样品探针，样品制备站和用于将样品从样品制备站运送到反应池的样品输送器。 该系统可以包括抗体拾取站，用于从抗体拾取站取出抗体的抗体探针，抗体制备站和用于将抗体从抗体制备站携带到反应池的抗体转运体。

公开(公告)号：US5082790A

公开(公告)日：1992-01-21

申请号：US317057

申请日：1989-02-27

Applicant: Paul E. Theobald ,  Daniel B. Seymour ,  Dobson M. Okawa

Inventor： Paul E. Theobald ,  Daniel B. Seymour ,  Dobson M. Okawa

IPC: G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/82

CPC classification number: G01N21/82 ,  G01N2021/1748 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N2201/122 ,  G01N2201/125 ,  Y10S436/805 ,  Y10S436/807 ,  Y10S436/81 ,  Y10S436/909

Abstract: A scatter signal is produced from light scattered by a precipitate formed by a chemical reaction and non-specific scatter sources. A blanking signal is produced from light scattered only by the non-specific scatter sources that contribute to the scatter signal, and the blanking signal is subtracted from the scatter signal to dynamically produce a signal indicative of the difference between the scatter signals to reduce the effects of non-specific scattering sources in determining the rate of change of the light scattered by the precipitate. One of the scatter signals may be stored and then combined with the other, or the signals may be measured simultaneously and then combined.

Abstract translation: 由通过化学反应和非特异性散射源形成的沉淀散射的光产生散射信号。 消隐信号由仅由有助于散射信号的非特定散射源散射的光产生，并且从散射信号中减去消隐信号以动态地产生指示散射信号之间的差异的信号，以减少影响 的非特异性散射源来确定沉淀物散射的光的变化率。 可以存储一个散射信号，然后与另一个散射信号组合，或者可以同时测量信号，然后组合。