公开(公告)号：US20010030748A1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-18

申请号：US09872039

申请日：2001-06-01

Inventor： Wayne D. Jung ,  Russell W. Jung ,  Alan R. Loudermilk

IPC: G01J003/51

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J1/0411 ,  G01J1/0437 ,  G01J1/0474 ,  G01J1/06 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J3/0205 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0216 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0227 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/0259 ,  G01J3/0264 ,  G01J3/027 ,  G01J3/0275 ,  G01J3/0278 ,  G01J3/0283 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/513

Abstract: Optical characteristic measuring systems and methods such as for determining the color or other optical characteristics of teeth are disclosed. Perimeter receiver fiber optics preferably are spaced apart from a source fiber optic and receive light from the surface of the object/tooth being measured. Light from the perimeter fiber optics pass to a variety of filters. The system utilizes the perimeter receiver fiber optics to determine information regarding the height and angle of the probe with respect to the object/tooth being measured. Under processor control, the optical characteristics measurement may be made at a predetermined height and angle. Various color spectral photometer arrangements are disclosed. Translucency, fluorescence, gloss and/or surface texture data also may be obtained. Audio feedback may be provided to guide operator use of the system. The probe may have a removable or shielded tip for contamination prevention. A method of producing dental prostheses based on measured data also is disclosed. Measured data also may be stored and/or organized as part of a patient data base. Such methods and implements may be desirably utilized for purposes of detecting and preventing counterfeiting or the like.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于确定牙齿的颜色或其他光学特性的光学特性测量系统和方法。 周边接收机光纤优选地与源光纤间隔开，并且从被测量的物体/齿的表面接收光。 来自周边光纤的光通过各种滤光片。 该系统利用周边接收器光纤来确定关于探头相对于所测量的物体/齿的高度和角度的信息。 在处理器控制下，可以以预定的高度和角度进行光学特性测量。 公开了各种颜色光谱光度计布置。 也可以获得半透明度，荧光，光泽度和/或表面纹理数据。 可以提供音频反馈以指导操作者使用该系统。 探头可能具有可移除或屏蔽的尖端，以防止污染。 还公开了一种基于测量数据生产牙科假体的方法。 测量的数据也可以存储和/或组织为患者数据库的一部分。 为了检测和防止伪造等目的，可以期望地使用这些方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US6061140A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

申请号：US320779

申请日：1999-05-27

Applicant: Bernard J. Berg ,  Marc D. Zuiderveen ,  Thomas J. Boes

Inventor： Bernard J. Berg ,  Marc D. Zuiderveen ,  Thomas J. Boes

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/51 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01N21/27

CPC classification number: G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/0272 ,  G01J3/0278 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01N21/474

Abstract: A spectrophotometer providing a sample measurement area of selectable size. The spectrophotometer includes a sphere defining a sample station, a lamp to illuminate the interior of the sphere and therefore the sample station, a color measurement engine including an aperture directed toward the sample station, and a measurement area size selector. The size selector includes a movable plate defining two or more holes of different sizes. The plate can be moved so that only one of the holes is aligned with the aperture to control the size of the measurement area sampled by the color measurement engine.

Abstract translation: 提供可选择尺寸的样品测量区域的分光光度计。 分光光度计包括限定采样台的球体，照亮球体内部的灯，因此采样台，包括朝向采样台的孔的色彩测量引擎和测量区域尺寸选择器。 尺寸选择器包括限定两个或更多个不同尺寸的孔的活动板。 板可以移动，使得只有一个孔与孔对准以控制由测色引擎采样的测量区域的尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US6020583A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US59955

申请日：1998-04-14

Applicant: Eric Walowit ,  Ronald J. Duke ,  Victor L. Iseli ,  Long B. Sam ,  Michael J. Vrhel

Inventor： Eric Walowit ,  Ronald J. Duke ,  Victor L. Iseli ,  Long B. Sam ,  Michael J. Vrhel

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01J3/0272

Abstract: A sensor for measuring reflective, transmissive, or self-luminous samples, comprises a plurality of light sources, where each of the light sources emit light of a substantially different wavelength band spaced in the visible spectrum; a reference channel photodetector; a sample channel photodetector; an optical cap adapted to direct a first portion of the light emitted by each of the light sources to the reference channel photodetector; a reflector cone for directing a second portion of the light emitted by each of the light sources to the sample; and a receptor piece for directing the diffuse portion of the light reflected from the sample to the sample channel photodetector. Preferably, the reference channel and sample channel photodetectors are identical devices and are mounted back-to-back to share environmental characteristics, and in turn, minimize the variation between their respective responses. The sensor is preferably incorporated into a hand-held "mouse" device, which includes an area on its top surface for seating an index finger of the human hand. Positioned within this area is a pressure-activated switch that is operatively coupled to the sensor circuitry for performing the various readings. And the sensor is preferably mounted into the mouse device such that the focal aperture of the downward pointing reflector cone is in axial alignment with the pressure-activated switch. Accordingly, a user will be able to use the mouse to "point" with his or her index finger to an area of the sample surface, and will then simply press the switch using the same index finger.

Abstract translation: 用于测量反射，透射或自发光样品的传感器包括多个光源，其中每个光源发射在可见光谱中间隔开的基本不同的波长带的光; 参考通道光电检测器; 样品通道光电检测器; 适于将由每个光源发射的光的第一部分引导到参考通道光电检测器的光学帽; 用于将由每个光源发射的光的第二部分引导到样品的反射器锥体; 以及用于将从样品反射的光的漫射部分引导到样品通道光电检测器的接收器片。 优选地，参考通道和采样通道光电检测器是相同的装置，并且背对背地安装以分享环境特性，并且进而使其各自响应之间的变化最小化。 传感器优选地并入到手持式“鼠标”装置中，该装置包括在其顶部表面上用于放置人的食指的区域。 位于该区域内的是压力启动开关，其可操作地耦合到传感器电路，用于执行各种读数。 并且传感器优选地安装到鼠标装置中，使得向下指示的反射器锥体的焦点孔与压力启动的开关轴向对准。 因此，用户将能够使用鼠标将他或她的食指“指向”到样品表面的区域，然后将简单地使用相同的食指按压开关。

公开(公告)号：US4995727A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-26

申请号：US195962

申请日：1988-05-19

Applicant: Nobukazu Kawagoe ,  Masami Sugiyama ,  Masahito Inaba

Inventor： Nobukazu Kawagoe ,  Masami Sugiyama ,  Masahito Inaba

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2021/4752 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: A colorimeter comprises a light source, a mixing box formed of non-coated light diffusing surface manufactured by molding sintering white ceramics or white resin for diffusing and reflecting light from the light source to guide the same to a sample, first light receiving means for receiving light reflected from the sample when light is emitted from the light source, and second light receiving means for receiving light other than the light reflected from the sample emitted from the light source.

Abstract translation: 色度计包括光源，由通过模制烧结白色陶瓷或白色树脂制成的非涂覆光漫射表面形成的混合箱，用于漫射和反射来自光源的光以将其引导到样品;第一光接收装置，用于接收 光从光源发射时从样品反射的光;以及第二光接收装置，用于接收除了从光源发射的样品反射的光之外的光。

公开(公告)号：US4965663A

公开(公告)日：1990-10-23

申请号：US481696

申请日：1990-02-20

Applicant: Takashi Sasaki

Inventor： Takashi Sasaki

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  H04N1/48 ,  H04N1/60

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J3/502 ,  H04N1/482 ,  H04N1/6016 ,  G01J3/51

Abstract: A method of optically measuring chromatic densities of a sample. In the method, three stimulus values, X, Y and Z, of light reflected from the sample, are derived. A cyan density, a magenta density and a yellow density are determined for the sample, using the X, Y and Z stimulus values, and in addition, three stimulus values, Xo, Yo and Zo of a standard color, such as white. With this method, a color image of an original picture may be accurately reproduced with a high fidelity.

Abstract translation: 光学测量样品色密度的方法。 在该方法中，导出从样品反射的光的三个刺激值X，Y和Z。 使用X，Y和Z刺激值以及标准颜色（如白色）的三个刺激值Xo，Yo和Zo，为样品确定青色密度，品红色浓度和黄色密度。 利用该方法，可以高保真地准确地再现原始图像的彩色图像。

公开(公告)号：US4932779A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-12

申请号：US293621

申请日：1989-01-05

Applicant: Thomas J. Keane

Inventor： Thomas J. Keane

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01N21/47

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/08 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01N21/474 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01N2021/1748 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: In a color measuring instrument, an integrating sphere is used to illuminate the sample and fiber optics are used to carry light diffusely reflected from the sample and from an interior wall of the sphere to a spectrometer. The transmitting ends of the fiber optic bundles are fixed in the housing of the spectrometer as entrance slits for the spectrometer, which includes a fixed grating and one or two arrays of photodetectors to detect the spectra dispersed by the grating from light received from the two transmitting ends.

Abstract translation: 在色彩测量仪器中，采用积分球照射样品，光纤用于将从样品和球体内壁漫反射的光携带到光谱仪。 光纤束的发射端被固定在光谱仪的壳体中，作为光谱仪的入口狭缝，其包括固定光栅和一个或两个光电检测器阵列，以从由两个发射光接收的光中检测由光栅分散的光谱 结束。

公开(公告)号：US4654794A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-31

申请号：US580864

申请日：1984-02-18

Applicant: John K. O'Brien

Inventor： John K. O'Brien

IPC: A61C19/10 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G06T11/00 ,  G06F15/42 ,  A61C13/08

CPC classification number: G06T11/001 ,  A61C19/10 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/508 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/467 ,  G01J2003/468 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/465

Abstract: Polychromatic light is directed at the surface of a live tooth and color data of light reflected therefrom is recorded, multiplied by the stored power distribution of a first standard illuminant and converted to three tristimulus values. Such values are compared with color values of a first group of stored color dental shades, and if a match occurs within a given tolerance, an indication of the nature of the recipe is produced. A second level search may be carried out against a substantially larger group of stored dental shades in the event of a no-match condition resulting from the first search. Excellent lifelike reproduction of the patient's tooth is enhanced by checking for least metamerism by operating upon the measured data with other illumination standards and selecting the best match under all lighting conditions. Additionally, a translucency factor is calculated, and employed to reduce the opacity of the inner opaque layer of the recipe which would otherwise be indicated should the patient's tooth not have a high degree of translucency. The calculation of a fluorescence factor also enhances excellent reproduction of the live tooth, and is employed to indicate the addition of a fluorescent ingredient to the final recipe.

Abstract translation: 多色光指向活牙的表面，并记录从其反射的光的颜色数据乘以第一标准光源的存储功率分布并转换为三个三刺激值。 将这些值与存储的彩色牙科阴影的第一组的颜色值进行比较，并且如果在给定的公差内发生匹配，则产生配方的性质的指示。 在第一次搜索产生的不匹配条件的情况下，可以针对大量存储的牙科阴影进行第二级搜索。 通过使用其他照明标准操作测量数据并在所有照明条件下选择最佳匹配来检查患者牙齿的极好的逼真的再现。 另外，计算半透明因子，并且用于减少食谱的内不透明层的不透明度，否则如果患者的牙齿不具有高度的半透明度，则不透明度。 荧光因子的计算也提高了活牙的优异繁殖，并且用于指示在最终配方中添加荧光成分。

公开(公告)号：US3916168A

公开(公告)日：1975-10-28

申请号：US40456073

申请日：1973-10-09

Applicant: MOBIL OIL CORP

Inventor： MCCARTY WILLIAM H ,  JONES KENNETH A

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  C09D7/00 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G06F15/06 ,  G06F15/46

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/463 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J3/504 ,  G01J3/524

Abstract: In the selection of metallic paint pigments to color match a standard metallic paint coating, the tri-stimulus coordinates of the coating are measured at a plurality of different viewing angles with respect to the surface. A colorimeter has a rotating plaque holder. Incident light passes through blue, green or red filters. The light is reflected from the plaque and is detected by a photocell. By changing the angle of the plaque, tri-stimulus coordinates of the plaque are measured at different viewing angles. The total reflectance of the coating on the plaque is measured in a spectrophotometer. From the measured tri-stimulus coordinates and the measured total reflectance, the measured diffuse and angular reflectance of the coating on the plaque is obtained. A model which relates both the diffuse and the angular reflectance to the concentration of paint pigments is generated on an automatic data processor. Least square fitting between measured and predicted diffuse and angular reflectance is used. A formulation program generates the concentrations of pigments to be used in the initial batch. Thereafter, a shading program successively generates the changes in pigment concentrations which give the best least squares fit to the standard coating.

Abstract translation: 在选择金属涂料颜料以与标准金属涂料涂层相匹配时，涂层的三刺激坐标以相对于表面的多个不同的视角测量。 色度计有一个旋转的牌圈座。 入射光通过蓝色，绿色或红色滤光片。 光从斑块反射并被光电池检测。 通过改变斑块的角度，在不同的视角测量斑块的三刺激坐标。 在分光光度计中测量斑块上涂层的总反射率。 从测量的三刺激坐标和测量的总反射率，获得测量的涂层在斑块上的漫射和角度反射率。 在自动数据处理器上产生将漫射和角度反射率与涂料颜料的浓度相关联的模型。 使用测量和预测的漫反射和角度反射率之间的最小二乘拟合。 制剂程序产生在初始批次中使用的颜料浓度。 此后，阴影程序依次产生颜色浓度的变化，其给予标准涂层最佳最小二乘法。

公开(公告)号：US2574264A

公开(公告)日：1951-11-06

申请号：US7960349

申请日：1949-03-04

Applicant: HENRY A GARDNER LAB INC

Inventor： HUNTER RICHARD S

IPC: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/51

CPC classification number: G01J3/51 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01J3/513 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01J2003/466

公开(公告)号：US2046958A

公开(公告)日：1936-07-07

申请号：US1217835

申请日：1935-03-21

Applicant: GEN ELECTRIC

Inventor： MARVIN HARRY B

IPC: G01J3/46

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J3/502