Abstract:
A single vane (46, 48) shutter flag (38) is asynchronously controlled (82) so that a measuring system light source (22) is interrupted for a minimum necessary amount of time for standardization/calibration and normalization of InGaAs system detectors (68a - 68d). Source/detector hemispheres (50, 62) or serially connected randomly oriented fiber bundles (132) homogenize light passing to the detectors. Light source testing is performed by measuring spectral power distributions at a plurality of light source power levels and comparing the measurements to baseline characteristics established for the light source. Calibration sample life is extended indefinitely by controlling the shutter flag to block source light except for short calibration time periods during which standard light levels are provided.
Abstract:
A single vane (46, 48) shutter flag (38) is asynchronously controlled (82) so that a measuring system light source (22) is interrupted for a minimum necessary amount of time for standardization/calibration and normalization of InGaAs system detectors (68a - 68d). Source/detector hemispheres (50, 62) or serially connected randomly oriented fiber bundles (132) homogenize light passing to the detectors. Light source testing is performed by measuring spectral power distributions at a plurality of light source power levels and comparing the measurements to baseline characteristics established for the light source. Calibration sample life is extended indefinitely by controlling the shutter flag to block source light except for short calibration time periods during which standard light levels are provided.
Abstract:
The present invention is a timer module system including a timer module, program builder system for developing programs for loading into the timer module, and a model number data page for use in selecting the appropriate program for loading into the timer module. The timer module includes circuit elements configured for control by a timer processor system so that various timer functions, time delay functions, and time delay settings are realized by appropriate programming of the timer processor system. The program builder system includes a builder processor system having a program for developing a timer operating program in response to a user-input model number command selected using the model number data page. A breakable communication link is provided between the timer module and the program builder system to facilitate the transmission of developed timer operating programs from the program builder system to the timer module.
Abstract:
The optimization of resources for energy markets is provided. In an illustrative implementation, the systems and methods described herein comprise an exemplary computing application operating in a computing environment that cooperates with a repository having at least one computational equation, rule, and/or model and executing a computational model engine that employs computational equations, rules, and/or models that generates behavior information for an observed system. In operation, energy market characteristic information acts as input to the exemplary computing application which executes the computational model engine that processes the energy market characteristic information using the computational equations, rules and/or models to produce power system behavior data. This behavior data is then acted upon by the exemplary computing application to generate optimization solutions to optimize power distribution resources.
Abstract:
Non-linear inductor(s) are used to reduce the percent total harmonic distortion of the harmonics in the line currents in the input side rectifier system of an ac drive system. Several constructions for the non-linear inductor(s) are described. The non-linear inductor(s) may be constructed from E and I laminations. The gap depends on the construction of the middle leg of the E laminations and may have a step with a constant spacing or a variable spacing which depends on the stacking of the laminations. Alternatively the non-linear inductor(s) may be constructed from a toriodal core that either has a step gap or a variable type gap.
Abstract:
Maintenance planning is performed by combining the techniques of random process modeling, clustering, and dividing the maintenance planning problem into a master problem and sub-problems and iteratively solving the master problem (220) and the sub-problems (230). The master problem (220) may include maintenance variables and an objective function for minimizing maintenance cost and the sub-problems (230) may include operation variables and an objective function for maximizing operational profit.
Abstract:
A non-contact system (10) for sensing a property of a passing web of material (W) includes first and second sensors (14, 16) positioned on opposite sides of the web. The opposing sensors are repelled from the web and each other by gas bearings (22, 24) formed between the sensors and the web and attracted to each other by one or more polarized magnets (26, 25a, 25d, 25a', 27a-27d, 27a') embedded in the sensors. The resultant net force properly spaces the sensors from the web to ensure reliable and accurate sensing. The repelling force enables the sensors to react substantially instantaneously to changes in the pass line of the web. An automatic actuator/retractor (30) can be provided to withdraw the sensors, extend the sensors to or retract the sensors from adjacent the feed path.
Abstract:
A fault is located in a power distribution system (10) having a line frequency. The power distribution system includes a plurality of phases, at least one feeder, and each feeder includes at least one segment. The fault is located by detecting a faulted phase from the plurality of phases of the power distribution system (10). A measurement signal (230) having a measurement frequency is injected into the detected faulted phase, the measurement frequency being a different frequency than the line frequency. The fault location is determined for a selected segment based on at least one measured residual current corresponding to the injected signal and a predetermined relative impedance of the power distribution system (10).
Abstract:
A method replaces a saturable core reactor (SCRs) in a rectifier power transformer disposed in a transformer vault at its field location. The transformer has an oil-filled tank housing the SCRs. The tank has a manhole opening therein. A busbar structure is associated with each SCR. The method drains the oil from the tank. A busbar structure is disconnected from an associated SCR. The disconnected busbar structure is moved away from the transformer. The SCR is removed from the tank through the manhole opening and is lowered. The SCR is then conveyed from the transformer vault. A replacement SCR is moved to be adjacent the manhole opening and is then slid through the manhole opening and into the tank to a certain location. The busbar structure is moved so as to be associated with a replacement SCR and is connected to the replacement SCR.
Abstract:
A real time thermal monitoring and prediction system (TMPS) is provided for use in monitoring and operating a transformer. The TMPS may be used to estimate a maximum loading level for the transformer over a future time period using a dynamic thermal model for the transformer and ambient temperature forecasts. The transformer may be loaded to its maximum loading level during power congestion or a service restoration process.